Conservation and preservation

The Terai Arc

area of forest and grassland between Nepal and India --> endangered species like Bengal tiger and Asian elephant
7 million people depends on the forest's resources
areas of the forest have been destroyed for housing and other developments which bring the humans and animals into more contact and there's conflict
- elephants eat crops and trample livestock and tigers can kill livestock --> increases the likelihood of animals being shot and killed
WWF works with local people to help balance their needs with the conservation of the environment --> solar cookers and biogas generators so they don't need to burn wood + farmers are encouraged to plant mint hedges to keep animals out

The Maasai Mara

national reserve in Kenya
large area of grassland (savannah) which is home to wildebeest and zebra as well as lions and cheetahs --> named after the Maasai people who live in the area
Maasai people traditionally earn money through livestock which can being them into conflict with conservationists as the livestock can overgraze the grassland for wildlife
conservation trusts work with the Massai people to make money through ecotourism and conservation rather than farming or to farm in a more sustainable way

UK peat bogs

peat bogs store water and carbon dioxide and are homes to different plants and animals
farmers use them to graze sheep and deer but can lead to conflict with conservationists because overgrazing leads to a loss of moss species, soil compaction and general peat bog erosion
government-funded programmes give farmers money to use peat bogs in sustainable ways e.g. lower the numbers of livestock that graze there and remove livestock in winter

Human activities affect environmentally-sensitive ecosystems

The Galapagos Islands

non-native animals introduced by humans eat some native species which causes a decrease in their population sizes
non-native plants have been introduced which compete with the native plants causing a decrease in their population sizes
eradication programmes have removed wild goats from the smaller islands and wild dogs from the largest island so other species of animals and plants are protects and quinine trees are kept in check with herbicides
when people visit the Islands, they're expected to follow a set of rules which includes not bringing any live plants or animals to the Islands or moving them between the islands

Antarctica

The Lake District and Snowdonia National Parks

many visitors go walking in the National Parks which leads to erosion of the footpaths and soil loss from the hillsides
soil ends up in the waters and lakes which disturbs the pH of the water
in Snowdonia, lots of rain causes erosion of some of the paths and walkers often trample surrounding vegetation
authorities attempt to repair and maintain as many of the paths and encourage regrowth of vegetation as often as they can
in Snowdonia, volunteers hae dig drains next to the paths to let the water drain off

Predator-prey relationships