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PHYSICAL LANDSCAPES IN THE UK

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Mindmap am PHYSICAL LANDSCAPES IN THE UK, erstellt von Kelsey Clifford am 09/04/2018.
Kelsey Clifford
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Kelsey Clifford
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

PHYSICAL LANDSCAPES IN THE UK
  1. UK Physical Landscape
    1. RELIEF = the height, steepness +shape of the landscape. = determained by geology
      1. LANDSCAPE = result from the interaction between natural / physical factors
        1. IN THE UK = N/W = upland more resistnat rock. = S/E = lowland weaker rocks.
        2. Coastal Landscapes in the UK
          1. Constructive / Destructive
            1. CONSTRUCTIVE WAVE = formed by a storm often hundreds of km away. common in summer
              1. DESTRUCTIVE WAVE = formed by local storms close to the coast. common in winter
              2. How a wave is formed
                1. WEATHERING = the weakening / decay of rock due to the actions of weather, plants and animals
                  1. MECHANICAL (physical) = the disintegration of rock
                    1. eg: Freeze-thaw
                    2. CHEMICAL = caused by chemical changes
                      1. eg: Carbonation
                      2. BIOLOGICAL = caused by the actions of flora and fauna
                        1. eg. plants roots grow in rocks / animals burrow into weak rocks
                        2. TYPES OF MASS MOVEMENT = downward movement (sliding) of weathered material and rock
                            1. Deposition - occurs when water slows down and waves lose their energy
                          2. COASTAL EROSION
                            1. Solution - Dissolving of soluble chemicals in rock
                              1. Corrasion - rocks fragments picked up by the sea are thrown at the cliff. they scrape and wear away the rock
                                1. Abrasion - the "sandpapering" effect of pebbles grinding over a rocky plateform
                                  1. Attrition - rocks fragments carried by the sea knock against each other becoming smaller / more rounded
                                    1. Hydraulic action - the power of the waves as they hit a cliff. trapped air is forced into cracks in the rock, eventually causing it to break up
                                      1. Erosion Landforms
                                        1. Factor 1 = ROCK TYPE - some rocks are harder / softer than other so easier to erode
                                          1. Factor 2 = GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE - the way the rocks has been folded / tilted. Faults (cracks) form lines of weakness.
                                            2. Transportation
                                                1. Longshore Drift - the movement depends on the direction that waves approch the coast sue to prevailing wind direction
                                                  1. Deposition Landforms
                                                      1. SANDY beeches - mainly found in sheltered bays and are created by conservative waves
                                                        1. Along high-energy coast sand is washed away leaving behind a PEBBLE beech
                                                  2. River Landscapes in the UK

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