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Research Methods 5

Beschreibung

questionnaires, random sampling, opportunity sampling volunteer sampling, stratified sampling
Rebekah Evans
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Rebekah Evans
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Research Methods 5
  1. Questionnaires
    1. a good way to collect large amounts of data, quickly and cheaply
      1. OPEN QUESTIONS: allow participants to answer freely. They are likely to generate qualitative data which is rich in detail, descriptive in nature and is non-numerical.
        1. + gathers a large amount of detail which improves its validity
          1. + allows opinions to be gathered
            1. - unreliable; there will be huge difference in participant response
              1. - people might avoid answering open questions because they are lengthy
                1. - hard to analyse
                2. CLOSED QUESTIONS: are questions that have pre-set, fixed responses. They generate quantitative data that is represented in a numerical for.
                  1. + gathers quantitative data that can be easier to analyse than qualitative data.
                    1. + standardised methods = relible
                      1. - Lacks detail, therefore ma not be valid
                        1. - No understanding of new opinions
                      2. Random sampling
                        1. + No bias on types of people, research isn't biased, equal chance of selection.
                          1. + simple and easy to form sample groups
                            1. + findings can be applied to the entire population
                              1. - you may have all women and no men = not reliable = gender bias
                                1. - no additional knowledge is taken into consideration.
                                  1. - you have to have a large sample size but if it is too large then it becomes problematic
                                  2. Stratified sampling
                                    1. + can have equal men and women - free from research bias
                                      1. + produces a representative sample
                                        1. - cannot reflect all differences
                                          1. - complete representations is not possible
                                          2. Volunteer sample
                                            1. + a willing group
                                              1. + not time consuming
                                                1. + minimal effort is required
                                                  1. - may have certain characteristics - cannot be generalised
                                                    1. - Volunteer bias
                                                    2. Opportunity sample
                                                      1. + easy to find
                                                        1. + free from researcher bias
                                                          1. - may have similar personality characteristics
                                                            1. - time consuming
                                                              1. - some may refuse to take part
                                                                1. - may end up with an unrepresentative sample
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