Science Physics Chapter One

Lesson 1 Describing Motion
1. An object is in motion if its position changes relative to another object.
  1. The place or object used for comparing motion is known as the reference point
2. Motion can change relative to different objects
  1. ex.) If you use your chair as a reference point you may not be moving. But if you use the sun as a reference point your moving extremely fast.
3. To describe motion you need to use proper units of measurement
  1. Scientists use the International System of Units (SI) for measurements
    1. The SI unit for length is meters.
  2. Distance is the length of a path between two points
Lesson 2 Speed and Velocity
1. The speed of an object is the distance an object travels per unit of time
  1. To calculate the speed of an object, divide the distance the object the amount of time it takes to travel that distance
    1. Speed=Distance÷time
  2. The SI unit for speed is m/s
2. To calculate average speed, divide the total difference travelled by the total time.
3. Instantaneous speed is the speed at which an object is moving at a given instant in time.
4. Speed in a given direction is called velocity.
5. You can show the motion of an object on a line graph in which you plot distance versus time.
  1. Time is shown on the x-axis and distance is shown on the y-axis.
  2. The steepness of a line on a graph is called slope.
    1. The slope tells you how fast one variable changes in relation to the other variable in the graph
    2. Since speed is the rate that distance changes in relation to time, the slope of a distance vs time graph represents speed
  3. You can calculate the slope of a line by dividing the rise by the run
    1. Rise is the vertical distance between any two points on a line
    2. Run is the horizontal difference

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Science Physics Chapter One

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