Routing Concepts

Path Determination
1. The router uses its IP routing table to determine which path to use to forward a packet
2. Two Functions of Router
  1. Determine the best path for the packet to take
  2. Routing
3. The longest match is the route in the routing table that has the greatest number of far-left matching bits with the destination IP address of the packet
Packet Forwarding
1. Decision Process
2. Packet Forwarding Mechanisms
  1. Process switching
  2. Fast switching
  3. Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF)
Basic Router Configuration Review
1. Configuration Commands
  1. ipv6 unicast-routing
  2. ipv6 address X.X.X.X
  3. ipv6 address X.X.X.X link-local
2. Verification Commands
  1. show ip interface brief
  2. show running-config interface interface-type number
  3. show interfaces
  4. show ip interface
  5. show ip route
  6. ping
3. Filter Command Output
  1. section
  2. include
  3. exclude
  4. begin
IP Routing Table
1. Route Source
  1. Directly connected networks
  2. Static routes
  3. Dynamic routing protocols
2. Routing Table Principle
  1. Decision based on the information
  2. The information not necessarily match the routing table
  3. Does not provide return routing information
3. Routing Table Entries
  1. Route source
  2. Destination network
  3. Administrative distance
  4. Metric
  5. Next-hop
  6. Route timestamp
  7. Exit interface
4. Static Routes
5. Dynamic Routing Protocols
6. Default Route
Static and Dynamic Routing
1. Dynamic Routing Protocol Concepts
  1. Data structures
  2. Routing protocol messages
  3. Algorithm
2. Best Path
  1. RIP
  2. OSPF
  3. EIGRP
3. Load Balancing
  1. The routing table contains the single destination network, but has multiple exit interfaces, one for each equal cost path.

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