Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Aristotle
- Who was he?
- Pupil of Plato
- His thoughts on metaphysics
- The Four Cases
- Interested in why things exist the way that they do
- He thought that there were four
causes for why things exist the way
they do
- 1. Material Cause: the matter or
substance that something is
made from
- 2. Efficient Cause: The agent that
caused the thing to exist.
- What caused it? How was it made?
- 3. Formal Cause: the plan behind
it. What makes it recognisable,
structure, form and shape.
- 4. Final Cause: The ultimate reason why it exists. It's purpose
- Physical Objects
- Constant state of 'Motus'
- Observed 4 things:
- 1. The physical world is in a
constant state of motion and
change
- 2.The planets seem to be moving eternally
- 3. Change or motion is always caused by
something
- 4. Objects in the physical world were in
a state of actuality and potentiality
- Things exist in an actual
state but have the
potential to become
another state
- The Prime Mover
- The originating cause for all motion eternally
- Sustains all change from potentiality to actuality
- Kitten to a Cat
- Characteristics
- Exists by necessity - it cannot fail to exist
- Is unchanging, it is pure
actuality by nature so it's
nature is good
- The Prime Mover is the Final
Cause - the ultimate reason
why things exist
- The ultimate reason and final goal of movement
- God
- Aristotle rejects the idea that God
thinks about the universe and what
happens in it
- That would be God changing
- God only reflects on being God