Integration of Metabolism

Metabolism is the coordinated activity of cells
Objectives
1. To get chemical energy
  1. Such as: ATP NADH NADPH FADH2
2. Molecular conversion
  1. Molecules precursors
3. Polymerize monomers into macromolecules
  1. Proteins Polysaccharides Nucleic Acids
4. Synthesize and degrade specialized biomolecules
  1. Lipids Membrane Proteins Pigments
Is the whole chemical transformation of an organism
It takes its place through Metabolic Pathways
Join in a dynamic steady state, it means that saves the Homeostasis
1. The products from a metabolic pathway (Metabolites), could be the reactive of another one.
Metabolic Pathways
1. Catabolic
  1. Convergent Ramifications
    1. Produce chemical energy
  2. Glycolysis Glyconeogenesis
  3. Pentose phosphate cycle Amino acid-oxidation & urea production
  4. Oxidative Phosphorylation Fat Acids catabolism
2. Anabolic
  1. Divergent Ramifications
    1. Use chemical products as reactives
  2. Biosynthesis of: Lipids Amino acids Nucleic acids
3. Anfibolic
  1. Cyclic
  2. Citric acid cycle Krebs cycle
Related Organs
1. Heart
  1. Fat acids oxidation Glucose Caption Glycolisis
2. Adipose Tissue
  1. Fat acids synthesis Lipolysis
3. Brain
  1. Ingestion of food
4. Liver
  1. Synthesis of: Fat acids Cholesterol Glycogen
5. Pancreas
  1. Insulin secretion
6. Esqueletic Muscle
  1. Fat acids & Glycose caption Mitochondrial Biogenesis
Metabolic Regulation
1. Regulated by AMPK
  1. Affected by: >AMP <ATP Exercise SNS Peptide hormones
2. Types of regulation
  1. Internal
    1. Intracellular subtract concentration Alosteric regulation
  2. External
    1. Immediately regulation
    2. Growth Factors Hormones
    3. Control Enzymatic activity

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Integration of Metabolism

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	Erstellt von Daniel Alejandro Gutiérrez Daza vor etwa 3 Jahre