Cognitivism

Origin
1. It emerged in the 1950s and 60s as a reaction to behaviorism
2. Prior knowledge and mental processes not only play a bigger role than stimuli in orienting behavior or response, but also intervene between a stimulus and response.
3. The learner as an active participant in the process of knowledge acquisition and integration
4. Theorist and their claims
  1. Jean Piaget
    1. Theory of individual cognitive development
  2. Lev Vigotski
    1. Theory of social cognitive growth
  3. Leon Festinger
    1. Cognitive dissonance theory,
  4. Rand Spiro
    1. Cognitive flexibility theory
  5. John Sweeller
    1. Cognitive load theory
  6. Jerome Bruner
    1. Cognitive constructivist learning theory
  7. Edward Tolman
    1. Theory of sign learning
Cognitive revolution
1. It was in the middle of 1950s, the impact of cognitive theories was so tremendous
2. The cognitive revolution is the name that has been given to the passage from behaviorism to cognitivism
3. The main emphasis is on how knowledge is used by the student during the different phases of the learning process.
  1. Acquired
  2. Processed
  3. Stored
  4. Retrieved
  5. Activated
4. Cognitive psychologists investigated mental structures and processes to explain learning and change in behavior. They have also observed behavior empirically but only in order to make inferences about the internal mental processes.
5. The cognitive school focuses on meaning and semantics.
6. This new line of research is characterized by a search for new ways to understand what learning is and how it occurs
Cognitive school views
1. Learning as an active process “involving the acquisition or reorganization of the cognitive structures through which humans process and store information”.
2. The learner as an active participant in the process of knowledge acquisition and integration.
3. The cognitive approach focuses on making knowledge meaningful and helping learners organize and relate new information to prior knowledge in memory.
4. Important domains of learning
  1. Cognitive (thoughts)
  2. Affective (feelings)
  3. Psychomotor (action)
5. the school teaches how to learn how to learn and how to think. And this is why Bruner has three learning models:
  1. Enactive
  2. Iconic
  3. Symbolic

Nächster

Cognitivism

Beschreibung

Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Medienanhänge

ähnlicher Inhalt

	Erstellt von Simon Buitrago Muñoz vor fast 5 Jahre