MODALS VERBS

Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs, also called helping verbs, like can, will, could, shall, must, would, might, and should. After a modal verb, the root form of a verb is generally used.
Ability
1. We use can, be able to and could to show that someone has (or doesn’t have) an ability to do something.
  1. (subject + modal + verb base form + C)
    1. Modal auxiliary + subject + main verb + ... ?
      1. Examples
        Ana can sing like madonna.
        Can she play guitar?
        CAMILA FREIRE 3 BGU B
Permission
1. We use may, could and can to ask for and give permission.
  1. modals verbs + subject + verb + complement + ?
    1. Could I borrow your dictionary?
Request
1. We can use the verbs ‘can‘ ‘could‘ and 'would' to ask for something.
  1. Can/Could + Subject + Verb+ C + ?
    1. Can you pass the salt please?
      1. Can is less polite than Could.
  2. Would you mind + Verb + ING + C + ?
    1. Would you mind closing the door?
Offers and suggestions
1. We use the modals of suggestion could and might to give someone ideas about possible plans or actions.
  1. Subject + could/might + verb + complement
    1. We could ask her to join us or we could go alone.
  2. We only use might not (not could not) in negative suggestions.
    1. You might not want to leave when is raining.
Obligation
1. They are must, have to, should and ought to. we Use ‘must’ and ‘have to’ to express a firm obligation or necessity, and we use ‘should’ and ‘ought to’ for a recommendation or moral obligation.
  1. Subject+ modal(+)(-)+ verb + C.
    1. You must see a doctor at once
    2. You should stop smoking
Necessity
1. The modal verbs “must,” “have to” and “have got to” show that something is not optional; it is necessary.
  1. Subject+ modal+ vrb bse form
    1. She has to study tonight.
  2. Do/Does/Did+ subject+ modal+ verb + C +?
    1. Does she have to study tonight?
Prohibition
1. Must not and cannot (and their contracted forms mustn’t and can’t) convey the idea that something is not allowed or prohibited, often by law
  1. Subject + can’t / must not + verb + C
    1. You can’t wear a hat in class.
    2. You must not use a cell phone.
Possibility
1. We use ‘may‘, ‘might‘ and ‘could‘ when we think that something is possible. Statements with ‘may’, ‘might’, and ‘could‘ can refer to past, present, or future possibilities.
  1. Subject+ May / Might / Could + the verb (base form without ‘to’) + C
    1. Look at Jack! He might be in a hurry to meet with Catherine.
    2. Don’t eat that mushroom. It could be poisonous.
Criticism
1. Is used to express that something was advisable to do but was not done or that something was not advisable to do but was done.
  1. Subject+ could, might, and should/shouldn't + verb infinitive + C
    1. You should have asked me before you took the whole pie.
Advice
1. Are mainly used to give or ask for advice.
  1. Subject + should/ shouldn't ought to had/’d better + verb infinitive + C
    1. He should study more.
Deduction
1. We can use MUST, MAY, MIGHT, COULD and CAN'T to express how sure we are about something happening in the present or the future.
  1. Subject + must/may/might/could + verb + C
    1. She must study very hard because she gets really good marks.

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MODALS VERBS

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