Zusammenfassung der Ressource
ESTADISTICA
- Variable
- It is a mathematical
tool/instrument that represents
a study characteristic of an
observable object that can
change
- Types of statistical variables
- Ordinal or
scale
variable
- the data are “words”
that maintain a
“natural” order among
themselves.
- Nominal
variable
- the data are "words"
that do not keep
any "natural" order
between them
- Discrete
Numeric
Variable
- Data is “counting” quantities,
whole units.
- Interval
variable:
- the data measures “continuous”
magnitudes (such as times,
distances, etc.), which admit
intermediate values (with
decimals)
- Herramients
- histogram
- Quality professionals are often tasked with
analyzing and interpreting the behavior of
different sets of data in an effort to manage
quality. This is where quality control tools like
the histogram come into play
- Ishikawa's diagram
- The fishbone diagram helps users identify
the various factors (or causes) that lead to
an effect, usually described as a problem to
be solved. Named for its resemblance to a
fish bone
- data collection sheet
- When used to collect quantitative data, they
may be referred to as a tally sheet. A check sheet
collects data in the form of check marks or
counts that indicate how many times a particular
value has occurred
- Pareto chart
- As a quality control tool, the Pareto chart operates
according to the 80-20 rule. This rule assumes that
in any process, 80% of the problems of a process or
system are caused by the top 20% of the factors.
- control chart
- Quality improvement can help quality assurance
professionals determine whether or not a
process is stable and predictable, making it
easier to identify factors that can lead to
variances or defects.
- Dispersion diagram
- the scatterplot is most useful for depicting the
relationship between two variables, which is
ideal for quality assurance professionals trying
to identify cause-and-effect relationships
- importance
- It has become an important tool in research processes,
since it allows planning research, collecting, organizing,
representing, interpreting and analyzing information
regarding individuals or observations.