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hist: lib reforms

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hist: lib reforms
  1. para 2: Elderly
    1. 1908 old pensions act
      1. gave elderly over 70 1-5 shillings a week
        1. not enough to keep over poverty line
          1. stopped elderly from reverting to work houses
            1. independence/ made them happier improved their quality of life
            2. A. J. P. Taylor “The state provided a meagre pension for the needy over 70.”
              1. historian, Flora Thompson said “when the Old Age Pensions began, life was transformed for such aged cottagers. They were relieved of anxiety. They were suddenly rich.'
                1. historian d. Morrison describes : “As they picked up their money they would say, God Bless Lloyd George.” D. Morrison People were happier.
              2. para 3 :The sick
                1. national health act part 1
                  1. no free ,medical service
                    1. “The provision made for the sick and unemployed is grossly inadequate in this country.” Lloyd George 15th June 1908
                      1. 1911 gave workers insurance against sickness
                        1. applied to 16-70 yr olds in manual and ‘white-collar’ workers earning up to £160 per year. It worked through contributions:
                          1. they gave 4d gov 2d employer 3d
                          2. In return, workers received 10 shillings (50p) a week in sick pay, should they become ill and unable to work, for up to 26 weeks.
                            1. many ppl could not afford it
                              1. did not apply to self employed/ ppl with seasonal jobs
                              2. They also got a free medical examination from a panel of doctors.
                                1. did not apply to workers famillies
                                  1. Keir Hardie, the Labour leader called it “a porous plaster to cover the disease that poverty causes.”
                                  2. national health act part 2 1911
                                    1. insured workers against unemployement for up to 15 weeks (7 shillngs)
                                      1. above poverty line
                                      2. rested on the fact that unemployemet levels were fixed at 5%,scheme would not work if unemployment levels increased, like they didi in ww1 (10%)
                                    2. para 5 labour exhanges
                                      1. 1909. This act lead to opening of labour exchanges where employers would advertise vacancies and the unemployed would register for work making the process of finding work much faster preventing poverty.
                                        1. by 1913 there was 430 l.e.
                                          1. 1914 3,000 vacancies were being dealt with daily.
                                            1. mainly skilled unemployed being employed
                                              1. These workers spent a lower percentage of the year in poverty due to these reforms.
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