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Physics: Waves Super Summary. Ranges from pages: 1 to 35.

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Super summary to help review the work done from last year till now.
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Physics: Waves Super Summary. Ranges from pages: 1 to 35.
  1. Types of waves
    1. 1) Transverse waves
      1. Definition: It moves from right- angles to; or perpendicular to the vibration causing it.
        1. E.g: Light; X- Rays; Gamma Rays; Radio Waves
        2. 2) Longitudinal Waves
          1. Definition: It moves parallel to the vibration causing it.
            1. When the area of the longitudinal wave is closer together, it's called a ----> "Compression"
              1. When an area of the longitudinal wave is spread further apart, it is called a ----> "Rarefaction"
                1. E.g: Slinky Spring; Sound Wave; Ultra- sound
              2. *Waves transfer energy but in general don't transfer matter.*
                1. Describing Waves:
                  1. Wavelength
                    1. The distance from one wave peak to the next wave peak along the waves or it can also be described as a point on one wave to the same point on the next wave.
                      1. The wavelength is the distance between each compression or rarefaction.
                      2. Amplitude
                        1. The distance measured from the middle of the wave to the height of the crest or depth of the trough NOT FROM TOP TO BOTTOM OF WAVE
                          1. The amplitude of a longitudinal wave is the maximum distance a particle moves from the centre of its motion.
                          2. Frequency
                            1. The frequency of a wave of a certain wavelength is the number of complete waves passing a point each second.
                          3. Wave equation:
                            1. Wave speed (m/s) = frequency (Hz) x wavelength (m)
                              1. V= Speed (m/s)
                                1. F= Frequency (Hertz)
                                  1. Frequency= No. of complete waves / passing a point each second
                                    1. Frequency= Speed (m/s) / wavelength (m)
                                    2. = Wavelength (m)
                                      1. Wavelength= Speed (m/s) / Frequency (Hz)
                                  2. Plane Wave Fronts
                                    1. A straight bar causes straight wave fronts
                                      1. The distance between the wave fronts is equal, making the wavelength the same.
                                        1. The frequency of the waves = the vibrancy of the bar
                                          1. A rod dipper produces circular wave fronts
                                            1. The distance between the wave fronts = the length of the circular waves.
                                              1. Water waves can be reflected and refracted
                                              2. Reflection
                                                1. Law of reflection
                                                  1. "The angle of incidence = the angle of refraction."
                                                  2. Normal
                                                    1. A ray at 90 degrees to the mirror
                                                    2. Angle of Incidence
                                                      1. Lies between the incident ray and the normal
                                                      2. Angle of reflection
                                                        1. Lies between the reflected ray and the normal
                                                        2. Incident ray
                                                          1. Shines into the mirror
                                                          2. Reflected ray
                                                            1. Shines out of the mirror.
                                                          3. Refraction (Wave fronts)
                                                            1. This is when light passes through a transparent material it changes direction.
                                                            2. Q- What pattern is there between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction?
                                                              1. As the angle of incidence increases, the angle of refraction increases.
                                                              2. Q- What happens if you shine a ray of light along the normal?
                                                                1. It would have passed through without changing direction.
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