Zusammenfassung der Ressource
A Smoker with
chronic cough
- Smoker’s cough
- persistent cough all day long
that just doesn’t ever go away.
- Causes
- smoking paralyzes the cilia
- toxins settle into lungs which
causes an inflamed reaction
- Coughing is the way your lungs try to
get rid of all the toxins from smoke.
- When did it start?
- During the night, these cilia
begin to repair themselves
- As the cilia are called upon to catch and remove
the accumulated toxins, the result is an increase
in coughing upon arising in the morning.
- Smoke
- types and source
- types of smokers
- Active smoker
- person is actively lighting up a
cigarette and smoking it.
- greater psychological and
chemical dependence
- scorching and staining
along with the inhalation
- creates an oral fixation
- more infections in the upper respiratory tract
- Passive smoker
- known as second hand smoking
or environmental tobacco smoke
- created through the exhaled
particles of an active smoker
- chemical dependence
- high carbon monoxide and nicotine metabolites.
- HOW DOES SMOKING AFFECT THE BODY
- PHYSICAL EFFECTS
- PSYCOLOGICAL EFFECTS
- mood enhancing
- calming
- Euphoria
- Achieve self confidence
- smoking fixes everything makes times
of mental distress very difficult on the
person trying to quit.
- Stress
- Depression
- Anxiety
- Anger
- SOCIAL EFFECTS
- Economical state
- less intelligent
- Smell bad
- Most nonsmokers don't want
to be around smokers
- look old sooner
- Neoplasia
- Unregulated cell proliferation as
a result of genetic changes.
- Benign vs. Malignant
- Histopathological pathology
- Differentiation
- Well differentiated
tumour cells
- Poorly differentiated
tumour cells
- Cancer
- Nomenclature
- Grading and staging
- cancer is classified into grades I, II, III, IV in
order of increasing anaplasia.
- STAGING: Assessment of the spread of the
malignant tumor in the body based on
clinical and radiographic findings
- TNM
- T is the size of the primary tumor
- N: number of Lymph nodes involved
- M: presence of distant metastasis
- Tumor markers
- AFP : Hepatocellular carcinoma
- PSA : prostatic carcinoma
- Ca-125: ovarian carcinoma
- Tests
- Biopsy (incision, excision, needle biopsy)
- Cytology (FNA, cytologic smears)
- Frozen section
- FISH
- spread
- Complications
- Pain
- Fatigue
- Difficulty breathing
- Nausea.
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Weight loss
- Cancer Treatment
- Surgery
- To diagnose cancer
- To remove all or some of a cancer
- Find out where the cancer is located
- To relieve side effects
- Radiation therapy
- Chemotherapy
- Immunotherapy
- Hormone therapy
- Precision medicine
- Stem cell transplant
- Targeted therapy
- support groups
- many people cope with the emotional aspects of
cancer by providing a safe place to share their
feelings and challenges. They also allow people to
learn from others facing similar situations.
- Follow-up Care After
Cancer Treatment
- Palliative Care in Cancer
- What is palliative care?
- is aimed at relieving suffering and improving quality of life. It’s
focused on helping patients get relief from symptoms
- Benefits of palliative care?
- better quality of life, less pain, less shortness of breath,
less depression, and less nausea
- Who should get palliative care and when?
- Any person diagnosed with a serious illness who is
having symptoms should get palliative care