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Theories that underpin the EU
integration process
- Functionalism
- cooperation - trade
specificity: import and export
- area of standardisation:
common policies -need for
a distrinctive feature:
common institution --
- Sources will be regulated by common institutions
- market will be regulated by technocrats
- will not affect the way market was created
- Starting point: putting national resources
together- create a common market and
Focus on Discrete Economic Area (less
sensitive)
- Starting point: putting national resources
together- create a common market and
Focus on Discrete Economic Area (less
sensitive)
- will not affect the way market was created
- political sensitivity- important- because of the common institution
- to develop policies - need of powers/ competencies come from the states
- Transfer of competencies: Achieved
- removed customs and duties - encourage market
No bans on imports and exports Free movement of
goods within EU - same principle
- removed customs and duties - encourage market
No bans on imports and exports Free movement of
goods within EU - same principle
- Transfer of competencies: Achieved
- European Defence Community- Failure of
functionalism - common policy of defence - politically
sencitive - EDC : Agreed on Treaty - which didnt
come into force - because did not have ratification by
all states (namely, French National Assembly) UK
also disagreed to ratify - important to remember that
the competences are shared
- -MS agreed to cooperate in certain areas of defence into
intergovernmental level. - no transfer of competencies to the common
institution - High representative for foreign affairs- speak for the EU but
only where EU agrees, into governmental level.
- -MS agreed to cooperate in certain areas of defence into
intergovernmental level. - no transfer of competencies to the common
institution - High representative for foreign affairs- speak for the EU but
only where EU agrees, into governmental level.
- to develop policies - need of powers/ competencies come from the states
- Sources will be regulated by common institutions
- cooperation - trade
specificity: import and export
- area of standardisation:
common policies -need for
a distrinctive feature:
common institution --
- neo-functionalism
- same idea to F - common institutions - need
for transfer of powers - neo-f : more areas of the economy
- states puting resources together - could be taken beyond the
economic sphere. more ambitious - creation of the EEC -
Treaty of Rome - *Four freedoms - need
common institutions
- same idea to F - common institutions - need
for transfer of powers - neo-f : more areas of the economy
- states puting resources together - could be taken beyond the
economic sphere. more ambitious - creation of the EEC -
Treaty of Rome - *Four freedoms - need
common institutions
- Intergovernmentalism
- need to transfer competences in a set of institutions -
(F and neo-f see common institutions as
the primary actors of the E integration process) but should not systematically entail transfer of
competences - -intergovernmental
cooperation - will not always need same transfer of
competences to the eu level.
- e.g: immigration &asylum {under p.3, but then agreed cooperation without transfer competencies. However, ToA -MS transfer
some of their powers - shared competencies. Some states object - remain
intergovernmental level UK, Ire, Denmark- EC legislation: not in principle binding - transfer no competencies in these
areas - if a policy suit them can be adopted - becomes binding} [eu. pillar 1- own competencies (neo functionalism) pillar 2 and 3
intergovernmentalist- did not agree in transfer of competencies] - ** is not a rejection of the EU and European project but for
integrovernmentalism the drivers should be MS.
- e.g: immigration &asylum {under p.3, but then agreed cooperation without transfer competencies. However, ToA -MS transfer
some of their powers - shared competencies. Some states object - remain
intergovernmental level UK, Ire, Denmark- EC legislation: not in principle binding - transfer no competencies in these
areas - if a policy suit them can be adopted - becomes binding} [eu. pillar 1- own competencies (neo functionalism) pillar 2 and 3
intergovernmentalist- did not agree in transfer of competencies] - ** is not a rejection of the EU and European project but for
integrovernmentalism the drivers should be MS.
- need to transfer competences in a set of institutions -
(F and neo-f see common institutions as
the primary actors of the E integration process) but should not systematically entail transfer of
competences - -intergovernmental
cooperation - will not always need same transfer of
competences to the eu level.
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