Kidneys,urine and diabetes.

Urine contains: excess ions, excess water and urea.
1. Urea is a waste product formed in the liver from the breakdown of proteins.
Your kidneys are one of the main organs which helps to maintain homeostasis, they also help in the water balance of your body.
1. Your kidneys filters your blood and then reabsorb everything your body needs.(blood cells are always left in the kidney as they are too big to leave.)
  1. The amount of water and ions reabsorbed depends on your body's need.
    1. This is called selective reabsorption.
  2. Then all of the sugar is reabsorbed back into the blood by active transport.
2. When the kidneys fail, there are two treatments: dialysis and a kidney transplant.
  1. Dialysis is the process of cleaning the blood through a dialysis machine. A dialysis machine is used to remove urea and excess mineral ions from the blood.
  2. A kidney transplant is the other option but these are very hard to get as there is a long waiting list. The kidney could be rejected and you have to be on immunosuppressants for the rest of your life with a new kidney.
Your kidney can sometimes not cope with the amount of glucose in your blood and so some is found in the urine. This is a symptom of diabetes.
1. Diabetes is a condition in which it becomes difficult or impossible for your body to control the levels of sugar in your blood.
  1. Treatments for diabetes include: a change in lifestyle or what you eat, injections of insulin and in serious cases a pancreas transplant.

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