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The first step in the planning process is
In order to enhance employee motivation, goals should be
A(n) ________ is a statement of the organization’s unique purpose and its scope of operations.
Achieving a target level of market share for a specific product is an example of a(n)
Tactical goals are established by
Complexity makes long-range planning
Intermediate plans are especially important for
A plan designed to allow a company to react to an unforeseen circumstance is referred to as a(n)
One reason a firm may use a planning staff is
The board of directors of an organization is responsible for
Line managers play an important role in the planning process because they
To respond to extreme economic shifts, an organization should develop
Tactical plans must flow from and be consistent with
Plans that are narrowly focused, have short time frames, and involve lower-level managers are
The broadest form of single-use plans are
The narrowest form of standing plans are
Goals are often inappropriate because they are
Managers must understand that effective planning will
Formal goal setting occasionally fails because of
Under formal goal setting, yearly goals should be discussed
Action Plan
Two types of operational plans
Single Use plans
Program - Single Use plans
Project - Single Use plans
Standing plans
Policy - Standing plans
Standing operating procedure - Standing plans
Rules and regulations - Standing plans
Board of directors
Chief Executive Officer
Executive Committee
Line Management
Strategic Plans
Tactical Plans
Operational Plans
Inappropriate Goals
Improper Reward System
Dynamic and complex environment
Reluctance to Establish Goals
Resistance to Change
Constraints
Programmed vs. non-programmed decisions
Programmed
Non-Programmed Decision
Disadvantages
Advantages
Escalation of commitment
Recognizing and defining the decision situation
Identifying Alternatives
Evaluating alternatives
Selecting an alternative
Implementing the chosen alternative
Following up and evaluating the results
Risk propensity
State of Risk
State of Uncertainty
State of Certainty
Franchising
Venture Capitalist
Entrepreneur
Entrepreneurship
Reasons for Success
Benefits of Specialization #1
Job Specialization
Job Rotation
Job Enlargement
Job Enrichment
Job Characteristics Approach
Decentralization
