Which of the following least cost analysis outputs is usually the sum of different cost factors that may represent the actual or relative cost?
Backlink Raster
Cost Path
Origin/Destination
Cost Distance
Cost Raster
Which of the following least cost analysis outputs represents the cost of moving through each cell?
Which of the following least cost analysis outputs is usually weighted depending on the relative importance of each factor?
Which of the following least cost analysis outputs provides a visualization of the direction associated with the cost surface?
Which of the following least cost analysis outputs provides a visualization of the distance associated with the cost surface?
Select the inputs required in order to perform a least cost path analysis? (select all that apply)
A cost raster
Cost distance measures
Allocation Raster
Algorithm for deriving the least accumulative cost path
Source/destination raster or feature class
In the context of a least cost path analysis it is more costly to traverse laterally than diagonally.
Least Cost Path (LCP) is a procedure of identifying an optimal route based on user-defined criteria.
In the context of Least Cost Path Analysis cost can be a function of time, distance or other criteria defined by project team.
The outcome of a least cost path analysis is indirectly influenced by the cost raster, cost distance measure, and algorithm for deriving the least-cost path.
Because a cost raster represents a sum of different cost factors, the selection of cost factors and the weighting of each factor can change the least-cost path.
Select the tools that were used in Spatial Analysis II in order to perform a least cost path analysis? (select all that apply)
Weighted Sum
Reclassify
Update
Line Density
Polygon to raster
Contour
Euclidean Distance
Intersect
Which of the following Spatial Interpolation techniques is a Local Deterministic method? (select all that apply)
IDW
Kriging
Splines
Density estimation
Which of the following Spatial Interpolation techniques is a Local Stochastic method? (select all that apply)
Trend surface is a spatial interpolation technique that can be characterized by which of the following? (select all that apply)
Deterministic Method
Local Method
Stochastic Method
Global Method
Regression is a spatial interpolation technique that can be characterized by which of the following? (select all that apply)
Kriging is a spatial interpolation technique that can be characterized by which of the following? (select all that apply)
Spatial Interpolation is the process of using points with known values to estimate values at peripheral locations.
The amount and distribution of sample points can greatly influence the accuracy of spatial interpolation.
Which of the following is an inexact interpolation method that approximates points with known values using a polynomial equation?
Regression Model
Trend Surface
Which of the following measures cells densities in a raster by using a sample of known points?
Density Estimation
Which of the following methods is a counting method?
Inexact Interpolation
Kernel Density Estimation Method
Simple Density Estimation Method
Which of the following methods is a local interpolation method that associates each known point with a kernel function in the form of a bivariate probability function?
Regression Method
Kernel Method
Simple Method
Which of the following is a spatial interpolation method that provides no assessment of errors with predicted values?
Global Interpolation
Exact Interpolation
Deterministic Interpolation
Which of the following is a spatial interpolation method that predicts the same value as the known value at the control point?
Which of the following is a spatial interpolation method that uses every control point available in estimating an unknown value?
Which of the following is a spatial interpolation method that predicts a different value from the known value at the control point?
Which of the following methods enforces the condition that the unknown value of a point is influenced more by nearby points than by those farther away?
Local polynomial interpolation
Which of the following methods is a local interpolation method that uses a sample of points with known values and a polynomial equation to estimate the unknown value of a point?
Using the same data but different methods, we can expect to find different interpolation results.
Different predicted values can occur by using the same method but different parameter values.
Distributions are not important when modelling spatial phenomena and comparing the distributions of two different spatial phenomena.
Some interpolation and statistical techniques assume normal distributions.
Mean is often used as a measure of central tendency and is used to provide representation of the distribution.
According to the article '13 Free GIS Software Options: Map the World in Open Source' which of the following free open source software solutions is an open-access GIS and remote sensing software package that is considered to be superior for processing LiDAR data.
Whitebox GAT
QGIS
GeoDA
GV Sig
According to the article '13 Free GIS Software Options: Map the World in Open Source' which of the following free open source software solutions is a free option for performing auto-correlation, descriptive and regression statistics?
ILWIS
MapWindow
According to the article '13 Free GIS Software Options: Map the World in Open Source' which of the following free open source software solutions is a free option for calculating spatial statistics?
GRASS
OpenJump
Diva GIS
uDIG
According to the article '13 Free GIS Software Options: Map the World in Open Source' which of the following free open source software solutions does not have strengths in cartographic design but excels primarily as a free GIS software option for analysis, image processing, digital terrain manipulation and statistics?
According to the article '13 Free GIS Software Options: Map the World in Open Source' which of the following free open source software solutions is a prime choice for environmental modelling and other applications?
SAGA
According to the article '13 Free GIS Software Options: Map the World in Open Source' which of the following free open source software solutions has tools for image classification, enhancements and spectral band manipulation?
According to the article '13 Free GIS Software Options: Map the World in Open Source' which of the following free open source software solutions specializes in mapping biological richness and diversity distribution (including DNA data) and has the capacity to extract climate data for all locations on the land?
According to the article '13 Free GIS Software Options: Map the World in Open Source' which of the following free open source software solutions started out primarily for terrain analysis such as hillshading, watershed extraction and visibility analysis?
According to the article, '27 Differences Between ArcGIS and QGIS – The Most Epic GIS Software Battle in GIS History' select from the following list functionality that is shared by both QGIS and ArcGIS technology.
GDAL/OGR library that reads and writed GIS data formats and supports over 70 vector formats
Capacity to join a table to spatial data
Cartographic capability
Coordinate systems and projections
According to the article, '27 Differences Between ArcGIS and QGIS – The Most Epic GIS Software Battle in GIS History' select from the following list functionality that is shared by both QGIS and ArcGIS technology
Capacity to perform raster analysis
Capability to apply remote sensing techniques
Access to over 2887 real world datasets
Geostatistical Analysis
Capability to perform network analysis
Mapbook generation
Capability to build models
Advanced Label Placement
Which of the following choices is an acronym for Free and Open Source Software
OSS
FAOSS
FOSS
None of the choices
Which of the following choices is a good all purpose application that is a cross-platform desktop geographic information system (GIS) application that provides data viewing, editing, and analysis?
MapServer
OSGIS
Manifold
Which of the following choices is a System for Automated Geoscientific Analyses that is predominantly utilized to perform raster based analyses
Which of the following choices is considered the most robust of OS GIS and is a free Geographic Information System software used for geospatial data management and analysis, image processing, graphics and maps production, spatial modelling, and visualization
Which of the following choices is an all purpose GIS designed to be an easily extensible solution, allowing continual improvement and custom made solutions
GVSig
Which of the following choices is an open format, standards-based, platform-independent, portable, self-describing, compact format for transferring geospatial information?
GeoPackage
Which of the following choices is an open format open source library intended to extend the SQLite core to support fully fledged Spatial SQL capabilities
SQLite
Spatialite
Which of the following choices is a Cross-platform C library that implements a self-contained, embeddable, zero-configuration SQL database engine
Which of the following choices is an object-relational database SQL database that allows storage and query of information about location and mapping by PostGIS?
Postgres
Which of the following choices is an Open Source platform for publishing spatial data and interactive mapping applications to the web?
GDAL
Risk analysis can be performed by free open source software solutions.
Permeability cannot be determined by free open source software solutions.
Map Books can be generated by free open source software solutions.
Select from the following choices the pros associated with utilizing free open source software.
Customization
Good community support
Faster adaptation to changing technology and needs
Open source can lead to "branching"
Select from the following choices the cons associated with utilizing free open source software.
Slow adaptation to changing technology and needs
Application may be discontinued at any time
Support can be challenging
Can read all proprietary formats
Value
Open formats
Costly
May not be able to read proprietary formats
New versions - new problems
Which of the following Open Source Software solutions was used to model the Albedo Surface shown in lecture?
GRASS GIS
gvSIG
SAGA GIS
Which of the following Open Source Software solutions was used to perform an Object Oriented Land Use Classification shown in lecture?
Which of the following Open Source Software solutions was used to model the Driving Distance Isochrones for football clubs as shown in lecture?
Which of the following Open Source Software solutions was used to perform a Closest Facility Network Analysis as shown in lecture?
Which of the following Open Source Software solutions was used to model UFO Sightings as shown in lecture?
Which of the following Open Source Software solutions was used to model indices of Deprivation in Liverpool as shown in lecture?
Which of the following Open Source Software solutions was used to model Hydrological Activity (time to outlet) as shown in lecture?
Which of the following Open Source Software solutions was used to model Flood Risk as shown in lecture?
to model Human Behaviour as shown in lecture?
Which of the following Open Source Software solutions was used to model the Density of Archaeological Monuments in Ireland as shown in lecture?
Which of the following Open Source Software solutions was used to model Crime Statistics as shown in lecture?
Which of the following Open Source Software solutions was used to model Health Statistics as shown in lecture?
