In the capsular pattern associated with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder, the GREATEST percentage of loss of range of motion is in:
medial (internal) rotation, followed by lateral (external) rotation.
lateral (external) rotation, followed by abduction and medial (internal) rotation.
abduction, followed by lateral (external) rotation and medial (internal) rotation.
medial (internal) rotation, followed by abduction.
A patient has shoulder joint impairments. The range-of-motion examination reveals restricted lateral (external) rotation and abduction of the shoulder. Based on arthrokinematic principles, which of the following mobilization procedures should be performed for the patient FIRST?
Posterior glide
Distraction
Anterior glide
Lateral (external) rotation
During walking, a patient demonstrates backward leaning of the trunk at right heel strike (initial contact). The result of manual muscle testing of the weak muscle is Good minus (4-/5). Which of the following exercises BEST addresses this patient's muscular weakness?
Bridging activities progressing from double leg to single leg
Single-leg stance allowing the opposite side of the pelvis to drop, then return to a level position
Prone leg lifts with the leg straight
Standing on the uninvolved leg to perform active hip extension of the involved leg
Which of the following positions is MOST effective to actively stretch the lumbrical muscles?
Metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal flexion
Metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal extension
Metacarpophalangeal extension and interphalangeal flexion
Metacarpophalangeal flexion and interphalangeal extension
To relieve lateral shoulder and arm pain, a patient elevates the right arm with the elbow bent and rests the right forearm on the head. The patient's symptoms are MOST likely caused by which of the following conditions?
C4–C5 disc herniation
Rotator cuff tear
Thoracic outlet syndrome
Anterior shoulder instability
Following acute knee trauma, which of the following examination findings indicates the need for referral for radiographic imaging?
Tenderness to palpation of the tibial tuberosity
Active range of motion knee flexion limited to 75°
Tenderness to palpation of the medial femoral condyle
Full weight-bearing gait tolerance limited to 20 ft (6.1 m)
A patient with a recent ankle injury reports anterior ankle pain while walking. Pain is reproduced ONLY during passive rotation of the lower leg. The patient most likely sustained which of the following injuries?
Syndesmosis sprain
Calcaneocuboid sprain
Fibular shaft fracture
Tibial stress fracture
A patient who has atrophy of the hypothenar eminence of the hand will most likely have the GREATEST difficulty performing which of the following tasks?
Holding a cup of water and transferring the contents into another cup
Writing two short sentences on a piece of paper using a fine-tipped pen
Making a circle with the fingers by touching the tips of the thumb (1st digit) and the index finger (2nd digit)
Pulling a piece of paper between the pads of the thumb (1st digit) and the index finger (2nd digit)
When treating a patient who has ankylosing spondylitis, which of the following muscles require the MOST emphasis in strengthening exercises?
Pectorals
Hip flexors
Back extensors
Abdominals
Excessive upward rotation of the right scapula is noted when a patient attempts to perform shoulder flexion. Which of the following exercises is MOST appropriate to help correct the excessive scapular rotation?
Right scapular protraction against resistance with the right arm at 90° of flexion
Bilateral scapular elevation with the upper extremities at 180° of flexion
Wall push-ups with an isometric hold at end range with the elbows extended
Bilateral scapular adduction with the upper extremities medially (internally) rotated and adducted across the back
A patient who has low back pain is placed in prone position. A physical therapist performs posteroanterior lumbar segmental mobility testing on the patient and provokes tenderness in the L3–L4 segments. The patient is then instructed to stand and bend over the end of the plinth, grab the edges of the plinth in order to stabilize the trunk, and lift both feet off the ground. Which of the following consequent scenarios will be MOST helpful in establishing the patient's prognosis?
Inability to secure the upper body on the plinth
Inability to lift both lower extremities off the ground
Reduced tenderness on repeat palpation with the legs lifted
Reduced localized back pain symptoms with the legs lifted
A physical therapist examining a patient's joint play finds restriction in the direction indicated by the arrow in the photograph (therapist is gliding volarly). To address the restriction, the therapist should include an intervention to increase which motion of the index finger (2nd digit)?
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Rotation
A physical therapist observes a patient from behind during bilateral shoulder abduction and notes that the patient's right scapula is more abducted than the left scapula at the end range of movement. Which of the following conditions is the MOST likely cause of the altered scapula position on the right?
Tightness of the rhomboid major and minor
Weakness of the serratus anterior
Restricted motion of the glenohumeral joint
Weakness of the upper trapezius
A 20-year-old female athlete underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 3 days ago. Which of the following exercises is LEAST indicated at this time?
Performing active knee flexion to 90° in prone position
Kicking a large air-filled ball from a short-sitting position
Performing quadriceps isometrics in a long-sitting position
Hip abduction with a 1-lb (0.5-kg) weight at the ankle in sidelying position
During a posture examination, the physical therapist notes that both of the patient's patellae point inward when viewed from the front of the patient. The MOST likely cause of this problem is excessive:
femoral anteversion.
weakness of the vastus medialis.
genu varum.
medial tibial torsion.
A patient who had a radial shaft fracture 8 weeks ago just had the cast removed. The patient has limited range of motion in all directions and limited strength of the wrist and finger joints. Which of the following interventions would be MOST appropriate to begin developing range and motor control of the patient's wrist and hand?
Closed-chain concentric wrist strengthening
Throwing and catching a ball with the affected hand
Tendon and nerve gliding exercises for the wrist and hand
Eccentric strengthening exercises of the wrist flexors and extensors
A physical therapist is measuring the shoulder passive joint range of motion of a patient who has acute bursitis. What type of joint end-feel is MOST likely to occur?
Firm
Hard
Empty
Boggy
Which of the following structures is indicated by the arrow in the radiograph?
Intertubercular groove
Greater tubercle
Lesser tubercle
Coracoid process
A patient is lying supine with hips and knees extended and hands behind the head. The patient is able to raise the head, shoulders, and thorax from the treatment table but is unable to come to a complete long-sitting position. What muscle should the physical therapist target for a strengthening program?
Iliopsoas
External abdominal oblique
Quadratus lumborum
Upper rectus abdominis
The physical therapy plan for a patient who underwent a medial meniscectomy includes exercising the quadriceps femoris against accommodating resistance. Which of the following exercises should be recommended?
Knee bends through half of the range
Knee extension with an ankle weight
Knee extension on an isokinetic exercise device
Straight-leg raising with a sling suspension
During evaluation of a patient's gait, a physical therapist observes that the patient leans forward shortly after heel strike (initial contact). The patient's forward bending is MOST likely a compensation for weakness in the:
quadriceps.
hamstrings.
gluteus maximus
tibialis anterior.
The work modification (standing) shown in the photograph is MOST appropriate for a patient with which of the following conditions?
Central lumbar stenosis
Deep vein thrombosis
Thoracolumbar scoliosis
Posterolateral lumbar disc bulge
An older adult patient had a total hip arthroplasty following a hip fracture from a fall in his home. The patient lived alone and was previously able to perform all activities of daily living independently. He has been admitted to a skilled nursing facility for rehabilitation. The patient's goal is to return home. His family believes he should be admitted to a long-term care facility for his own safety after acute rehabilitation is completed. Which of the following actions would be MOST appropriate to initiate FIRST?
Advise the family that the patient should determine his own discharge environment.
Recommend a team conference with the patient and his family to discuss discharge plans.
Schedule a home visit to determine if home modifications are needed before discharge.
Implement a treatment plan with a long-term goal of discharge to home.
A patient who has rheumatoid arthritis comes to physical therapy with signs of muscle atrophy, ecchymosis, puffy cheeks, and a diagnosis of osteoporosis. Which of the following medications is the patient MOST likely taking?
Penicillin (Ampicillin)
Prednisone (Deltasone)
Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
Gold salts