Acids

A compound that produces hydrogen atoms when dissolved in water.

Common acids are juices, explosives and carbonated drinks.

Properties of acids

tastes sours, reacts with metals to produce hydrogen gas, reacts with carbonates to produce CO2.

Ionization

Process of acids producing ions when placed in water, these ions can conduct electricity.

Binary acids

Acid composed of two elements, hydrogen (the cation) and a non-metal (the anion).

Naming Binary Acids

HCl

Identify the non-metal (Chloride)
Write the root of the non-metal (Chlor)
Add the prefix hydro to the root name (Hydrochlor)
Add the suffix ic acid to the root name (Hydrochloric Acid)

Root names: Cl- Chlor, F- Flor, Br- Brom, P- Phosphor, I- Iod

Oxacids

Acid composed of hydrogen, oxygen and another element.

Naming Oxacids

H2CO3

Identify the other element (Carbonate)
Write the name of the element without ate or ite (Carbon)
If it ends with ate replace with ic, if it ends with ite replace with ous (Carbonic)
Add acid to the end

Chemical names to chemical formulas

Hydrobromic Acid

Since it has hydro at the beginning we know it's binary. We then set up our formula knowing it will contain H and Br. Hydrogen's charge is 1+ and Bromine's charge is 1-, meaning the compound is already neutral therefore it's HBr.

Phosphoric Acid

Since it doesn't have hydro at the beginning we know it's oxacid. We then figure out which polynomic ion phosphoric is by removing the ic and adding ate. Now we have phosphate which is PO4 with a charge of 3- and hydrogen with a charge of 1+. To balance this out we add 3 hydrogen's therefore H3PO4.

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