Functions of genetic material (3)

Explain Levene's Tetranucleotide hypothesis

discovery by Avery, MacLeod, McCarty

Hershey Chase Experiment

differences between RNA and DNA

basic DNA structure

Chargaff's Rules

discovery of DNA structure

Chromosome structure in prokaryotes

Levels of chromosome condensation in Eukaryotes

histones of octomer

alpha satellite sequence

centromere complex

possible models of DNA replication

evidence from autoradiography

replicon

origin

Okazaki fragments

Roles of DNA polymerase 1 (3)

Exonuclease

endonuclease

Activities of DNA polymerases (3)

functions of DNA polymerase I on lagging strand

Proteins involved in initiation of DNA replication (3)

DNA topoisomerase I

DNA topoisomerase II

DNA gyrase

Components of E. coli DNA polymerase III

Primosome =

replisome =

main differences between replication in prokaryotes and eukaryotes (4)

polymerases in eukaryotic DNA replication (4)

function of ribonuclease H1 and FEN-1

telomere functions (3)

shelterin

Reverse transcriptase

1 gene/ 1 ribosome hypothesis

Properties of mRNA

types of RNA

RNA polymerase structure in E.Coli

Consensus sequences

3 steps of Initation

3 steps of termination

Rho-independent vs dependant terminators

functions of RNAP's in eukaryotes

Nucleolus

monogenic

Three general control elements

chromatin remodelling factors

eukaryotic promoters

modifications to eukaryotic mRNA

functions of 5' cap

mRNA editing methods

Exons and introns

genes without introns

functions of introns

alternative splicing

Splicing Mechanisms (3)

spliceosome components

amino acid structure

translation machinery (5)

steps in translation initiation

steps in translation elongation

stop codons (3)

steps of translation Termination

main differences in eukaryote translation initiation

steps in Eukaryote initiation

differences in eukaryote translation elongation

Kozak Sequence

Codon

suppressor mutations

reading frame

Partial vs complete degeneracy

wobble hypothesis

conservative substitution

characteristics of genetic code

induced mutation

somatic mutations

chromosomal aberration

gene mutation

effects of mutation at amino acid level

suppressor mutation

conditional mutation

auxotroph

suppressor sensitive

tautomeric shift

4 mutations induced by chemicals

mutagenic potential

DNA Repair mechanisms

Xeroderma Pigmentosum

DNA recombination

size of Bacteriophage T4 dsDNA genome

bacteriophage T4 life cycle

size of bacteriophage lambda genome

prophage

lysogenic state

size of single bacterial chromosome (Escherichia coli)

plasmid

mechanisms of gene transfer in bacteria (3)

test for gene transfer mechanism

heteroduplex DNA

contransformation frequencies

sexduction

generalized transduction

specialized transduction

Resistance transfer factor (RTF)

R-Determinant

composite transposons

tnpA, tnpR, bla, res

Transposons and Genome Organization

non-replicative transposable elements

Replicative transposable elements (DNA and RNA intermediate)

operon

patterns of gene expression (3)

lac operon constitutive mutants

cis vs. trans acting factors

levels of trp operon control

attenuation

post-transcriptional control of gene expression in bacteria (3)