Hard Disk Drive (Magnetic Disk)

Hard Disk Structure

Seek Time

Latency Time

RAID (Redundant array of independent disks)

RAID 0 (block level striping)

RAID 1 (mirroring without parity or striping)

RAID 5 (block level striping with distributed parity)

Flash Memory

Flash Memory - Speed Advantage

Flash Memory - General Advantages

File System

Operating System

Cloud Computing (CC)

Cloud Clients

Software as a Service (SaaS)

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Infrastructure as a Serice (IaaS)

Properties of CC

Database Application Examples - Traditional Database Application

Database Application Examples - Multimedia Databases

Database Application Examples - Geographical information systems (GIS)

Database Application Examples - Data Warehouses and analytical processing (OLAP) systems

Database Application Examples - Real-Time and active database technology

Database Application Examples - Large Commercial Database

Database (DB)

Database management systems

Query

Transaction

Protection

Maintain a database system

Simplified Database System environment

Phases for designing a database

Traditional File processsing

Database Approach

Main characteristics of Database Approach

Defining a database

Meta-data

Manipulating a database

Application program

Database catalog used by ... :

Program-data independence

Program-operation independence

Data Abstraction

Sharing of data and multiuser Transaction Processing

Concurrency Control Software

Isolation property

Atomicity property

Database administrators (DBA) are responsible for:

Database designers are responsible for:

End users

System analysts

Application programmers

DBMS system designers and implementers

Tool developers

Operation and maintenance personnel

Controlling Redundancy

Backup and recovery subsystem

Enforcing integrity contraints - Referential integrity constraint

Enforcing integrity contraints - Key or uniqueness constraint

Data abstraction

Data Model

High level / conceptual data models

Low Level or physical data models

Representational data models

Entity

Attribute

Relationship among two or more entities

Relational data model

Physical Data Model

Access Path

Index

Database schema

Schema diagram

Database Construct

Database state / Snapshot

Three Schema architecture

DBMS Languages

Computer-aided software engineering (CASE)

Server-types

Client machines

Server

JDBC

ODBC (Open Database Connectivity)

Relation Data Model - Row

Relation data model - Attribute

Relation Dartabase Model - Cardinality

Relation Database Model - Constraint

Relation Database Model - Superkey

Relation Database Model - Key

Relation Database Model -Minimal superkey

Relation Database Model - Candidate Key

Relation Database Model - Primary key

Relation Database Model - Entity integrity constraint

Operations of the relational model

Basic operations that change states of relations

INSERT Operation

SQL language

SQL

CREATE statement

CREATE SCHEMA statement