3 Domains of Life

Light Microscopy

Scanning Electron Microscope

Transmission Electron Microscopy

3 Important Microscopy Parameters

Cell Size

Endosymbiont Theory

Difference Between Eukaryotic Cell and Prokaryotic Cell

Composition of Typical Cell

Levels of Carbohydrates

Monosaccharides

Dissaccharides

Oligosaccharides

Polysaccharides

Functions of Carbohydrates

Alpha Glucose

Beta Glucose

Alpha Glucose Monomer Linkage

Beta Glucose Monomer Linkage

Lipids

Functions of Lipids

3 Major Forms of Bacteria

Fimbriae

Nucleoid

Flagella

Capsule (bacteria)

Gram-positive Bacteria

Gram-negative Bacteria

Endospore (prokaryotes)

Viruses

Capsid (virus)

Viral Envelope

Bacteriophages

Lytic Cycle of Phage Infection

Lysogenic Cycle of Infection

Viroids

Prions

Cell Functions

Organelle Functions

Membrane

Functions of Proteins in Membrane

Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

Active Transport

Endomembrane System

Function of Endomembrane System

Smooth ER

Rough ER

Vesicles

Golgi Complex

Golgi Functions

Exocytosis

Endocytosis

Phagocytosis

Pinocytosis

Lysosomes

Cytoskeleton

Functions of cytoskeleton

Microtubules

Cilia

Organelle Motility

Microfilaments

Intermediate Filaments

Cell Junctions

Tight Junctions

Desmosomes

Gap Junctions

Extracellular Matrix

Collagen Fibers

Proteoglycan Matrix

Fibronectins

Integrins

Why Cells Need Energy

Cytosol (Energy Generation)

Mitochondrial Matrix (Energy Generation)

Intermembrane Space (Energy Generation)

Mitochondria Structure

Exergonic Processes

Endergonic Processes

ATP Hydrolysis

Coupling Example

Fermentation

Aerobic Respiration

Cellular Respiration Steps

ATP Synthase

Nucleus

Nuclear Envelope

Nuclear Lamina

Pores in Nuclear Envelope

DNA

Chromatin

Formation of Chromatin

Euchromatin

Heterochromatin

Plasmodesmata

Vacuole Structure

Vacuole Functions

Plastids

Chloroplast Structure

Chloroplast Function

Three Compartments in Chloroplasts

Thylakoid Lumen

Chromoplasts

Leucoplasts

Two Stages of Photosynthesis

Chlorophyll

Photosystem

Light Reactions

The Calvin Cycle

Cell Wall Composition

Microfibrils

Middle Lamella

Primary Cell Wall

Primary Cell Wall Composition

Pectin

Hemicellulose

Extensins

Synthesis of Primary Cell Wall

Primary Cell Wall Function

Secondary Cell Wall

Chemical Characteristics of Sec. Cell Wall

Lignin

Pit Fields