- Some substances, when dissolved in water will give acidic, alkaline or neutral substances.
- The pH scale (0-14) tells you how acidic or alkaline a solution is.
- Acids have a pH under 7, while Alkalines have a pH over 7.
- pH can be measured by using indicators.
- Universal indicator will go more and more red the lower the pH and more and more blue/purple the higher the pH.
- Litmus paper will go red in an acid and blue in an alkaline.
- Methyl Orange will go red in an acid and yellow in an alkaline.
- Phenolphthalein will go colourless in an acid and will go pink in an alkaline.
- Adding an acid and an alkaline will always produce water and a salt.
- Certain bases will not react with acids if they are lower than hydrogen on the reactivity series.

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