The Punic Wars “The Carthage Wars”

- Very intimidating with more men than the Spartans (city-state vs. empire)

- 500 B.C. -just the city of Rome

Rome vs. Carthage:

Rome -controls the Italian boot, younger (up & coming)

Carthage has the African coastline, islands, land in Spain; advantage; feels stronger than the Romans; best navy in the world

-not constant fighting -3 major period wars; heats up; then tense peace agreement.

-Carthage considered the stronger power in the beginning

First Punic Was 264 B.C.- 241 B.C.

Causes: Actions:

-Mutual fear -20 year war -battle at the sea

-Carthage fears Rome will -Carthage stronger navy at first

take Sicily (island boat)

-Rome fears Carthage will -Rome steals a Carthaginian boat & copies the design

dominate Mediterranean & to look like a stronger, better Carthaginian boat;

limit Roman expansion redesigns navy

Results:

-Carthage feels like it has an advantage, Rome rises up, and Carthage asks for peace

-Rome receives:

Money

Sicily and other islands

-Big victory to start Roman expansion into Mediterranean

Second Punic Wars 218-201 B.C.

Actions:

-Carthage invades Italy

Carthaginian General:

Hannibal- one of Carthage’s best leader; invades Italy with an army of war elephants

-Romans counterattack on the city Carthage

-Roman General Scipio leads troops into North Africa

-Scipio defeats Hannibal

Results:

-Carthage asks for peace

Rome receives:

Money

Spain

Greece

Third Punic War 149-146 B.C.

Causes: Actions:

-Roman goal -destroy Carthage -Rome attacks weakened Carthage

-Rome declares war

Results:

-Rome receives Carthage

Destroy city

Enslave citizens

Sow fields with salt

Problems in “New” Rome

-Republic style of government inadequate for empire

-Senate overpowers other branches

-Bribery & corruption grow in government

Conquered People

Gladiator Fights

Chariot Racing

Gladiator Fights:

Place: Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheatre)

Built: 100 A.D.

Capacity: 50,000

Floor: Trap doors, hidden rooms, different compartments

-little concern for loss of human life

Chariot Racing:

Place: Circus Maximus

Capacity: 250,000

Spina: Central wall that displays artifacts

-horse-drawn chariots

-high speed

-crashes

-”Dirty Plays”

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