A flame test should be carried out using a wire and HCl. If it was calcium that was being tested the flame would be .
To test for the presence of iron(III) chloride in a sample of limestone you would add a solution of nitrate to the sample and a precipitate will be formed for the chloride ions. You would also do a test for the Fe(III) by adding giving a precipirate.
The reagent used with sodium iodide to produce purer hydrogen iodide is .
The absorption of UV radiation by ozone is important for human life since UV radiation causes damage to .
The shape of an ozone molecule is ❌ because there are ❌ groups of electrons around a central O atom. The bond angle could be ❌.
First ionisation enthalpy ❌ across a period since the atoms ❌ in size meaning there are ❌ in the nucleus. The outer shell electrons are roughly the same distance from the nucleus since they are in the same shell so the attraction to the electrons is ❌ to they are ❌ to remove.
Rate of reaction decreases as temperature decreases since the molecules have kinetic energy so there will be fewer collisions with sufficient acitvation and also fewer collisions per second.
An equilibrium reaction is exothermic, increasing the temperature will shift the position of equilibrium in the ❌ direction (to the ❌) which will mean the concentration of product will ❌.
% yield may be low if the reaction gone to completion or if there was of materials when transfering between vessels.
Reactions go at higher temperatures since the particles have kinetic energy and a larger proportion have enough kinetic energy for collisions to take place therefore the rate of reaction is .
When doing recrystallisation you must ensure the solute has a ❌ solubility in your chosen solvent at a high temperature & a ❌ solubility in cold. You must dissolve the ❌ amount of solute in the hot solvent. ❌ the hot solution to remove insoluble impurities and leave to ❌ so soluble impurities are removed then filter off the crystals and ❌ them.
Nuclear is when to light nuclei form a heavier nucleus. It must be done at a temperature and pressure to overcome the repulsion between the nuclei.
A reason for an enthalpy change of combustion to be much less than the predicted value is combustion or evapouration of fuel from the .
Dynamic equilibrium is where the rate of the forward reaction ❌ to rate of the backward reaction so that the overall concentrations of substances ❌.
