IHS Test 2 - Intraoperative Monitoring Parts 1 and 2

A is the highest mandate for clinical behavior.

Fill in the blanks for the AANA Standards for Nurse Anesthesia Practice:
Standard V
A. Monitor continuously.
B. Monitor continuously.
C. Monitor status continuously.
D. Monitor continuously.
E. Monitor and status.
F. Monitor and assess the .

One of the key components to patient safety is to: and surgical procedure for long periods of time.

are placed first and removed last.

Name two ways (in alpha order) that CRNAs monitor the respiratory system:
1.
2.

The Beer-Lambert Law and pulse oximetry measures the difference between absorbed light by relative to in a pulsatile () bed.

: The percentage of hemoglobin saturation with oxygen at different partial pressures of oxygen in blood is described by this S-shaped curve.

Insert the appropriate corresponding numbers for the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve.

At an 02 reading of 97 percent, the Pa02 is likely .

At an 02 reading of percent, the Pa02 is usually 60.

At an 02 reading of 83 percent, the Pa02 is usually .

Your patient's pulse oximeter isn't reading well. What are some potential causes?
Low flow conditions
• →vasoconstrictionoftheperiphery
– Motion artifact
– Nail polish
– Ambient light interference –
• Fetal hemoglobin
• Hemoglobin S
– Carboxyhemoglobinemia
• 240timestheaffinityforhgbvs.O2. – Methemoglobinemia
– Methylene blue, indigo carmine

Name the three ways we verify intubation:

1.
2.
3. Confirmation of .

continuously monitors all of the following:
– Alveolar ventilation
– Pulmonary perfusion
– Respiratory patterns
– Correct placement of endotracheal tube

Name two potentially fatal conditions that may first be indicated by capnographic changes:

Use of has markedly decreased incidence of unrecognized esophageal intubation and their associated brain injuries and deaths

Fill in the blanks for the five characteristics of capnogram that should be evaluated:
-Frequency
-Rhythm
-
-Baseline
-

Your patient has low or no ETCO2 -- what are two of the major causes?

.
Causes: Hypothermia

.
Causes: Hypovolemia
Hypotension
Pulmonary embolism
Decreased cardiac output (arrest)

Name the two chief causes of elevated CO2.

.

are small gas movements produced by pulsations of the aorta and heart.

Other considerations/things that may mimic
– negative intrathoracic pressure
– low respiratory rate
– low I:E ratio
– Waning muscle relaxation

Phase II and III are prolonged or slanted when a patient experiences a .

An defect allows exhaled CO2-rich gases to be rebreathed with each inspiration.