Acceleration

Positive - Acceleration

Negative - Deceleration

Measured in m/s/s or m/s2

-How quickly you change speed

Force

Force = mass*acceleration

Measured in Newtons (N/m2) or (N/cm2)

Air resistance = gravity (constant speed)

Air resistance < gravity (acceleration)

Air resistance > gravity (deceleration)

If forces are balanced, constant speed

Unit L: Pressure

Pressure = Force/Area

Measured in Pascals (Pa)

1 Pa = 1 N/m2

In air, pressure decreases as you get higher because less of the weight of the air is above you. In water, pressure increases as you get lower.

Pressure in fluids are the same in everywhere.

Fluids = Liquid and gases

Compression = Gas being squashed closer together (air molecules are more spread out and move around more)

Hydraulic systems

Force multiplier: Input force < Output force

However, the piston on the other end moves less if Input force < Output force.

A lever can be used to apply a force which turns something around a pivot.

Moment = Turning effect of a force

Measured in Newton Metres (N m).

Force (N) * distance from pivot (m) = Moment

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Forces Pressure Hydraulics