Features of upper GI bleeding.

Causes of upper GI bleeding. Pic from K & C p254.

What factors affect the risk of rebleeding & death?

Mx of acute GI bleeding (in addition to stopping NSAID's, aspirin, clopidogrel, warfarin) From K & C p255.

What role does endoscopy have in Dx & Rx of upper GI bleeding?

Drug Rx for pt's with actively bleeding ulcers.

Massive bleeding from the lower GI tract is rare & usually due to diverticular DS or ischaemic colitis. What are some common causes of smaller lower GI bleeds? Pic from K & C p257.

Mx & Ix of lower GI bleeding.

How do pt's with chronic bleeding usually present & what DS's need to be excluded?

Ix of chronic GI bleeding.

Rx of chronic GI bleeding.