Chesapeake Bay & Oceanography

Humans have only seen % of the oceans!

In 18, the H.M.S. was the first expedition devoted entirely to the advancement of ocean science.

Scientists onboard...
•Measure ocean depths (called )
•Took samples
•Measure ocean
•Recorded

is a owned by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute and operated by Dr. Bob Ballard. This submersible is very famous and
has made from fascinating discoveries. It was used to discover the as well as deep sea trenches, hydrothermal , and many other deep ocean features.

The largest feature on earth is Mid-Ocean

3 methods used by scientists to study the ocean floor:
*Echo Sounding ()
* Cores
*

Submarine Canyons:
Submarine canyons were formed by extensive either from a river entering the continental shelf, , or turbidity currents (a large
underwater of sediment).

Continental Shelf: extends from the to the continental slope; composed of sediments

Passive Margins: tectonics [ex) east coast]

Continental Slope: water depth begins to crease rapidly; steep drop off to the ocean bottom.

Continental Rise: pile of lying on the ocean crust at the base of the continental slope.

Active Margins: tectonics [ex) japan]

Plain: large flat area of the ocean covered in sediment.

: deep ravine feature located at convergent boundaries.

Mid-Ocean : linear mountain range under the ocean with a rift valley in the middle; located a divergent boundaries

Island: when a seamount breaches the surface of the ocean

: seamount has been flattened on top by current action

: underwater mountain of volcanic origin

Atolls: 1st described by . A ring of reefs around a island. Once the volcano goes extinct, it begins to . Eventually, a circle of coral is left in the middle of the ocean with a lagoon in the middle.

The five major rivers that lead into the Chesapeake Bay are:
*
*
*
*
*

There are more than streams and tributaries are part of the watershed. We all live within a few miles of one.

Estuary: Body of water that is influenced by both and fresh water. The Bay is the largest estuary in N. America & the rd largest in the world.

The bay supports approximately species of plants and animals. It provides nearly 600 million tons of seafood each year.