What type of medication is sucralfate
Antibloat
Antiulcer
Antidiarrheal
Anticonstipation
What reproductive hormone can cause severe (and sometimes fatal) aplastic anemia or open-cervix pyometra several weeks after given?
Human chorionic gonadotropin
Prostaglandin F2 alpha (dinoprosvt trmethamine)
Progestin (altrenogest)
Estradiol cypionate
The active drug in ProHeart is moxidectin, a member of the drug class
Pyrantel
Organophosphate
Avermectin
Arsenical
Dr. Blackman prescribed antibiotic for rabbit with Pasturella infection and asked you to educate the client regarding special instructions for admin of the drug. You told the client that she should wear gloves when handling because it has been associated with a rare adverse reaction in humans; aplastic anemia. Based on this info, the drug that you dispensed was:
Tetracycline
Erythromycin
Chloramphenicol
Gentamycin
What fatal reaction to chloramphenicol has been reported in cats and people?
Pulmonary edema
Aplastic anemia
Kidney failure
liver failure
Which of the following drugs decreases gastric acid production by blocking histamine receptors in stomach?
Famotidine (Pepcid)
Erythropoietin (epogen)
Omeprazole (prilosec)
Sucralfate (carafate)
For what is syrup of ipecac used?
To induce vomiting
To stimulate defecation to flush out poisons from distal bowel
To increase blood supply to GI tract
To stimulate duodenal movement to overcome constipation
What antibacterial drug is also effective against protozoa such as Giardia?
Sulfasalazine
Griseofulvin
Metronidazole
Clindamycin
What is added to amoxicillin to make it resistant to penicillin-destroying B lactase enzymes produced by some bacteria?
trimethoprim
piperonyl but oxide
ormetoprim
clavulanic acid
What breed of dog has a blood-brain barrier that allows ivermectin to reach toxic concentrations within the brain more readily than in other breeds?
Schnauzer
Collie
German Shepherd
Cocker spaniel
Anticholinergic drugs like atropine are expected to have what effect on GI tract?
increase movement of faces through bowel
decrease bowel motility
increase secretions by bowel
decrease ability of compounds to irritate bowel wall
Psyllium and Metamucil are examples of:
lubricants
bulk laxatives
saline cathartics
irritant cathartics
The active drug in ProHeart is moxidectin of the drug class
What hormone is given to mares or cows for several days to mimic diestrus and then withdrawn to mimic natural lysis of the corpus lute and a return to proestrus?
Prostaglandin F2 alpha (dinoprosvt tromethamine)
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
Estradiol cypionate (ECP)
Which of the following drugs is used as adulticide to treat heart worm positive dog
Moxidectin (ProHeart)
Milbemycin (Interceptor)
Melarsomine (Immiticide)
Ivermectin (Heartgard)
An animal that demonstrates an allergic response to penicillin administration should be given which antibiotic?
Cephalosporin
Fluoroquinolone
Sulfonamides
Which statement regarding tetracyclines is true?
They are unable to penetrate the bacterial cell wall
Currently many bacteria are resistant to them
They alter the permeability of the cell wall and cause lysis
They are bactericidal
Altrenogest which is used for estrus synchronization in female animals is a synthetic
Androgen
Estrogen
Progestin
Follicle stimulating hormone
The most common adverse side effects of amino glycoside antimicrobials are
Nephrotoxicity
Nephrotoxocity and Ototoxicity
Ototoxicity and neurotoxicity
nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neurotoxicity
How can a drug like neomycin which has severe risk of nephrotoxicity when administered by injection have little risk when administered topically or orally
Little drug absorbed through skin
SQ enzymes inactivate drug
Absorbed drug is excreted so quick that it doesn't have time to damage kidneys
Some species are resistant to kidney damage that may result from drug
Antimicrobial drugs like enrofloxacin (baytril), marbofloxacin (zeniquin) and obifloxacin (orbit) all belong to which group?
Penicillins
Flouroquinolones
Aminoglycosides
Cephalosporins
The emetic of choice in dogs is
Apomorphine
Xylazine
Syrup of ipecac
Hydrogen peroxide
Griseofulvin (fulvisin) is used in cats, dogs, and horses to treat what?
Nematode infection
dermatophytosis
Staphylococcus pyoderma
rickettsial disease
Which of these drugs is not anti fungal?
clotrimazole
sulfadimethoxine
griseofulvin
ketoconazole
The use of fluoroquinolone as anti-infective agents should be done with great caution or not at all in
birds
cats
horses
dogs
What reproductive hormone can produce pyometra in dogs? It is also used in pregnant mares in attempt to keep from prematurely aborting fetus
progesterone
prostaglandin
estrogen
gonadotropin
A drugs package insert states drugg is anticestodal. What parasite does it kill?
Protozoa
Tapeworms
Flukes
Ascarids
Certain bacteria especially Staph produces enzyme b-lactamase that destroys many penicillin drugs. Which is one penicillin that is not destroyed by B-lactamase?
Amoxicillin
Cloxacillin
Penicillin G
Hetacillin
Ceftifur is classified on the package insert as a 3rd generation cephalsporin antibiotic cefadroxil is classified as a 1st generation cephalosporin. how do 3rd differ from 1st?
third generation have better gram-negative activity
third generation last longer in body, given once daily
third-generation better absorbed when given orally
third-generation have fewer side effects and adverse reactions
A heart worm preventative that is also approved for the treatment of ear mites and sarcastic mange is
Ivermectin
Milbemycin
Selamectin
Diethylcarbamazine
The best means of assuring that a particular antibiotic treatment will be successful is to
Collect sample from affected area for culture and sensitivity
Use highest dose that is considered non-toxic
Use broad-spectrum antibiotic
Treat no less than full 2 weeks
What anti-infective compounds when given to juvenile animals can impair cartilage development?
macrolides
cephalosporins
penicillins
fluoroquinolone
What is the effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on the reproductive system?
Luteolysis
Ovulation
Follicle stimulation
Copus luteum formation
A very useful group of broad spectrum drugs whose popularity has more recently declined because numerous potential side effects: keratoconjunctivitis sicca, plyarthritis, hematuria, photosensitivity, hypothyroidism is the
fluoroquinolones
sulfonamides
tetracyclines
Mr. Williams just adopted a mixed-breed pup from local shelter. Suggested bring to vet to treat worms noticed in faces. Wants to save money and went to local pet store: He purchased:
Piperazine
Fenbendazole
Pyrantel pamote
Griseofulvin acts on
Gram + bacteria
Gram - bacteria and gram + bacteria
Gram - bacteria
Dermatophytes
Fleet enemas are contraindicated in what species?
pigs
ruminants
What drug is most likely prescribed to prevent motion sickness in dogs and cats?
ace
apomorphine
atropine
syrup of ipecac
What drug is used as contraceptive in dogs and sometimes for correction of behavioural problems in cats?
Altrenogest
Dinoprost tromethamine
Megestrol acetate
What drug is used most commonly as microfilaricide in treatment of heart worm disease?
Thiacetarsemide
Aminoglycosides if given at high dose or by continuous IV infusion cause damage to:
lungs and liver
inner ear and kidney
kidney and liver
liver and inner ear
The anti-infective drug that should be avoided in all food-producing animals is
Cephalexin
Enrofloxacin
Lincosamides
Which of the following drugs does NOT have antiemetic action?
Metoclopromide
Antihistamines
Phenothiazines
Cimetidine and ranitidine are often called H2 blockers, traditionally referred to as histamine receptors. For what are they used?
Antacid
Laxative
Rumen stimulant
Because of manner in which excreted, sulphonamides are often effective against infections of
Nervous tissue
Joint capsules
Urinary tract
Skin
Serious potential side effects of estrogen admin include
Hemorrhage and thromboembolism
Cardiac arrhythmias and pulmonary edema
Renal failure and gastric ulcers
Bone marrow suppression and pyometra
Kaolin and pectin and bismuth subsalicylate are examples of
Narcotinc analgesics
Protectants
Anticholinergics
Antispasmodics
Commonly used glucocorticoids affect the CBC. What are the effects of glucocorticoid use on the CBC?
Neutrophils increased, eosinophils decreased, lymphocytes decreased
Neutrophils decreased, eosinophils increased, lymphocytes decreased
Neutrophils decreased, eosinophils decreased, lymphocytes increased
Neutrophils increased, eosinophils increased, lymphocytes increased
The type of drug that would be helpful for patient with productive cough is
Antitussive
Antihistamine
Analgesic
Expectorant
A dog diagnosed with a mast cell tumor is scheduled for surgery. The vet chooses to pretreat the dog with H1 blocker to prevent negative effects of histamine release when tump is manipulated. Which may be chosen?
Methiamazole
Diphenhydramine
Vincristine
Spironolactone, chlorothiazide, furosemide are classified as
vasodilators
diuretics
antiarrhythmics
positive inotropes
The diuretic drug used most commonly in patents with congestive heart failure is
spironolactone
furosemide
mannitol
chlorothiazide
Erythropoietin is primarily used in following feline patients
cats with anemia from rodenticide toxicity
cats suffering Tylenol toxicity
cats with anemia due to chronic renal failure
cats with aortic thromboembolism secondary to cardiomyopathy
Lidocaine is primarily used to control which abnormaily?
atrial bradyarrhythmias
excessive urine output
ventricular tachyarrhythmias
hypertension
Terbutaline, albuterol, and metaproterenol are described as selective B2 adrenergic agonists. They are used in vet medicine to
treat feline asthma or other bronchoconstrictive diseases
treat low blood pressure caused by shock
suppress a productive couch, such as in bronchopneumonia
stimulate secretions within resp tree to aid the mucocillary apparatus
Which of the following is/are not a side effect or oral glucocorticoid admin in dogs?
Polyphagia
Hyperglycemia
Vomiting
Polyuria, polydipsia
A 12 year old spayed female golden retriever is brought to your clinic with history of waking up in bed in puddle of urine. A CBC, profile, and urinalysis reveal no sign of urinary tract disease. the doctor tells you to fill a prescription for phenylpropanolamine. The doctor is choosing this drug because:
it treats urinary incontinence by increasing urthral sphincter tone
It treats bladder atony by decreasing bladder tone
It treats urinary incontinence by decreasing urethral sphincter tone
it treats bladder Antony by increasing bladder tone
For what disease are methiamazole and propylthioouracil used?
hyperthyroidism in cats
hypothyroidism in dogs
cushings disease in dogs
Addison's disease in dogs
Dr. Charles is performing a c-section on Sadie a 3 year old Dalmatian. The smallest pup was not breathing spontaneously so the doctor asked you to give the following resp stimulant:
doxocapram HCL
theophylline
albuterol
terbutaline
The category of drugs classified as ACE inhibitors has which effect on body?
enhances production angiotensin II
Decreased preload and after load on heart
enhances fluid retention in body
increases preload and after load on heart
The primary function of insulin is to
control repro function
regulate digestion through secretion of gastrointestinal hormones
facilitate the entry of glucose into cells
regulate the metabolic processes of body
Which of following drugs most commonly used to treat urinary incontinence in dogs?
Phenylpropanolamine
Bethanechol
Ace
Anticoagulant diluted in saline or sterile water for injection to form a flush solution for preventing blood clots in IV catheters is
Coumarin
Acid citrate dextrose
EDTA
heparin
What is a potential electrolyte imbalance that can occur as a result of admin loop diuretic to a small animal
Hypocalcemia
Hypercalcemia
Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia
Because digoxin has narrow therapeutic index, vet techs and owners of animals that receive digoxin must be able to detect early signs of digoxin toxicity such as:
increase urination, increased water consumption
wobbly gait, fainting, disorientation
decreases appetite, anorexia, diarrhea, vomiting
increased coughing and difficulty breathing
A 3 month old chow chow is presented to pet emergency clinic because it has eaten a box of warfarin based rat poison. Which is used to treat this?
Streptokinase
Protamine sulfate
Vitamin K
Which of these drugs is available over the counter as antitussive?
Butorphanol
Codeine
Dextromethorphan
Hydrocodone
An asthmatic cat may receive which drug for bronchodilator effect?
Digoxin
Histamine
Prednisone
Theophylline
Glucocorticoids are often used in vet meds for treatment for all of the following except:
Infections
Allergies
Muscoskeletal problems
Immune-mediated disease
Drugs that reduce the viscosity of secretions in the resp tract are called
Antitussives
Expectorants
Antiinflamatories
Chronic use of moderate-to-high doses of glucocorticoids may result in the developemnt of
Cushings disease
Addisons disease
Insulinoma
Diabetes mellitus
Resuspension of NPH insulin is done by
Refrigeration of bottle
gentle heating of bottle in warm water
gentle rolling of bottle
vigorous shaking
Oral hypoglycemic drugs such as glipizide are used to treat
diabetic ketoacidosis
hypoglycemia
non-insulin dependant diabetes
pancreatitis
Cosmos an 11 year old M/C pug has been diagnosed with mitral insufficiency and was referred to a vet cardiologist. The specialist decided to initiate treatment with digoxin a positive inotrope and negative chronotrope. This means that it
Increases force of contraction, decreases heart rate
Increases peripheral vascular resistance and decreases cardiac output
Increases blood pressure and decreases cardiac output
Increases heart rate and decreases blood pressure
Drugs that are described as B2 adrenergic receptor stimulators have what effect on resp tree?
Bronchoconstriction
Increase volume of sticky mucoid secretions
Increase volume watery secretions
Cause bronchodilator
A vet prescribes erythropoietin for use in a dog in terminal renal failure. Why was this prescribed?
For its ability to stimulate RBC production and release
For ability to reduce hypertension
For its immunosuppressive activity
For its fibrinolytic activity
By what route is insulin usually administered inc cases of uncomplicated diabetes?
Oral
IV
SQ
IM
Sox a 10 year old M/C Siamese X, was brought to emergency hospital crying in pain and unable to walk. He was diagnosed with an arterial thromboembolism secondary to cardiomyopathy. The treatment for this condition is:
hemostatic drug
hematinic drug
fibrinolytic drug
anticoagulant drug
Butorphannol and hydrocodone are examples of
Mucolytics
Drugs used to increase airflow through resp passageways narrowed by contraction of smooth muscle around them are called:
antitussives
antihistamines
expectorants
Bronchodilators
Which of the following side effects is commonly seen with many cancer chemotherapeutic drugs?
immunosuppression
hyperglycemia
constipation
hyperphagia
The drug most commonly used in treating animals with hypothyroidism is
thyroid extract
synthetic levothyroixine (T4)
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
synthetic liothyronine (t3)
What is not a short-term effect of corticosteroid therapy?
delayed healing
polyuria
osteoporosis
polyphasic
Nitroglycerin is sometimes used as a paste applied to the pinna or to the abdominal skin in dogs with cardiovascular disease. Nitroglycerin has what therapeutic effect?
Increases strength of heart contractions
Decrease HR
Causes bronchodilation
Causes vasodilation
An expectorant is a drug that acts to
reduce allergic compound of resp disease
suppress inflammatory cells in resp tract
suppress productive cough
liquefy and dilute viscous secretions in resp tract
Which of the following drugs is classified as an osmotic diuretic and is often used to reduce intracranial pressure or treat oliguric renal failure?
bethanechol
propranolol
Methylxanthines are often used to improve breathing in cardiac patients and patients with resp disease. What drugs are methylxanthines used for this purpose?
Codeine and dextromethorphan
Theophylline and aminophylline
Hydrocodone and butorphanol
Guaifenesin and propranolol
Drugs that effectively block cough reflex are:
mucolytics
Epinephrine
decreases heart rate
should be used to reverse effects of ace
increases HR
decreases blood pressure
Which of the following drugs is used to treat feline hypertension?
Amitriptyine
Atropine
Amlodipine
A cat diagnosed with hyperthyroidism may be offered a number of treatment options, including all but which of the following?
Fenbendazole medical management
Thyroidectomy surgery
Radioactive iodine-131 treatment
methimazole medical treatment
Common drugs of plant origin, such as digoxin and atropine are ineffective in a cow when administered orally because of
digestive microorganisms
methane gas
eructation
the large size of the lumen
A chronotropic agent affects the
rate of relaxation
rhythm of contraction
rate of contraction
force of contraction
Insulin concentration is measured in
Milliequivalents per milliliter
units per millilitre
grams per milliliter
milligrams per milliliter
Hyperthyroid cats have heart rates over 200 beats/min because of large numbers of B1 sympathetic receptors in their heart that make the heart more sensitive to epinephrine and norepinephrine. This high heart rate is an anesthetic risk. What drug is used to slow the heart rate and decrease arrhythmias associated with B1 receptor stimulation?
Quinidine
Propranolol
Lidocaine
The common side effect of drugs that cause vasodilation is
Cardiac arrhythmias
Anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea
Bradycardia
hypotension
It is essential for vet techs to educate clients expected to treat their pets with insulin. Which of the following statements is true?
The injection is given in the same site each time
The bottle of insulin should be shaken before use
Insulin can be stored at room temp inbetween uses
Insulin should be given with a meal