In young growing animals, growth in length of long bones occurs at the:
Epithelium
Periosteum
Diaphysis
Epiphyseal plate
The term phagocytosis is used to describe the process whereby cells:
Manufacture protein
Manufacture carbohydrates
Eliminate waste products
Destroy invading bacteria and debris
Which is the hardest substance in the animal body?
Cartilage
Bone
Dentine
Enamel
Which two structures make up the joint capsule?
Synovial membrane and hyaline cartilage
Synovial membrane and fibrous membrane
Fibrous membrane and hyaline cartilage
Fibrous membrane and capsular ligament
The calcaneus is found:
In the hock
In the stifle
In the elbow
In the carpus
Hyaline cartilage is found in:
Intervertebral discs
The mandibular symphysis
Fibrocartilaginous joints
Synovial joints
An intra-articular meniscus:
Is made of elastic cartilage
Is found in the temporo-mandibular joint
Helps to stabilise a joint
Replaces the articular cartilage within a joint
Which ONE of the following types of gland secretes directly into the bloodstream?
Mucous
Simple
Compound
Endocrine
Which ONE of the following is an example of an exocrine gland?
Adrenal
Salivary
Pituitary
Ovary
Body tissues are all classified into four types:
Epithelial, glandular, connective, bone
Nervous, squamous, nervous, skeletal
Epithelial, glandular, nervous, skeletal
Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
The predominant type of connective tissue in tendons and ligaments is:
Areolar connective tissue
Dense fibrous connective tissue
Elastic connective tissue
Fibrocartilage
A muscle that increases the angle between two bones is known as:
An abductor
An adductor
An extensor
A flexor
The femur is an example of:
Long bone
Short bone
Flat bone
Irregular bone
The scapula is an example of a:
The manubrium is found:
In the epiphysis
In the diaphysis
At the epiphyseal plate
In the growth cartilage
During endochondral ossification, the primary centre of ossification develops:
Secondary centres of ossification then develop:
In the diaphysis:
Which ONE of the following bones is NOT part of the axial skeleton?
The mandible
The sternebrae
The sacrum
The phalanges
Which ONE of the following bones is NOT part of the appendicular skeleton?
The fibula
The calcaneus
The scapula
An example of a condylar joint is:
The hip
The shoulder
The elbow
The carpus
An example of a hinge joint is:
An intervertebral joint
The stifle joint
The hip joint
The sacroiliac joint
Simple cuboidal epithelium is found:
In the bronchi of the respiratory tract
Lining the kidney tubules
Lining body cavities
In the small intestine
Simple columnar epithelium is found:
Simple squamous epithelium is found:
The alveoli are lined with:
Simple squamous epithelium
Ciliated mucous epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Transitional epithelium
The following are all types of connective tissue:
Loose connective tissue, fibrous connective tissue, muscle, blood
Areolar tissue, adipose tissue, cartilage, nerve
Bone, cartilage, skin, blood
Cartilage, dense connective tissue, bone, blood
Which ONE of the following muscle types has branching cells within its structure?
Skeletal muscle
Striated muscle
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Which ONE of the following muscle types is found in the wall of the intestine?
Which ONE of the following is NOT a function of skin?
Temperature regulation
Protection against microorganisms
Vitamin manufacture
Antibody production
Which ONE of the following breeds of dog does not moult?
The Standard Poodle
The Bichon Frise
The Bedlington terrier
All of the above
Which ONE of the following structures is NOT associated with the hair follicles on the dorsum (back) of the normal dog?
Sebaceous gland
Sweat gland
Arrector pili muscle
Wool hairs
Inspired air consists of:
29% nitrogen
79% nitrogen
89% nitrogen
21% nitrogen
Which ONE of the following is least accurate?
Nitrogen is unchanged in expired air
Oxygen levels in expired air are lower
Water vapour is slightly higher is inspired air
Carbon dioxide levels are lower in inspired air
The trachea is a permanently open tube
The oesophagus lies above the trachea
The trachea cartilages are open on the dorsal aspect
The tracheal cartilages are open on the ventral aspect
Which ONE of the following sequences is correct with regard to what happens when the trachea splits into two?
Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sac
Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar sac, alveolar duct
Trachea, bronchioles, bronchi, alveolar sac, alveolar duct
Trachea, bronchioles, bronchi, alveolar duct, alveolar sac
Which structure does NOT lie within the mediastinum?
Heart
Oesophagus
Trachea
Lungs
Which is NOT a feature of the larynx?
It produces sound
It is shared by the digestive and respiratory tracts
It plays a role in swallowing
It forms the opening into the trachea
Which ONE of the following would NOT cause a decreased respiratory rate?
Pyrexia
Sleep
Anaesthesia
Inactivity
The epithelium found lining the GI tract is known as:
Simple columnar epithelium
Ciliated columnar epithelium
Which ONE of the following is NOT an exocrine gland?
Anal gland
Salivary gland
Thyroid gland
Which ONE of the following is a type of connective tissue?
Compact bone
Adipose tissue
Which organ is NOT part of the upper urinary tract?
Bladder
Kidney
Urethra
Ureter
Which structure does NOT enter or leave the hilus of the kidney?
Blood vessels
Nerves
Renal pelvis
Uterus
The outer portion of the kidney is:
Medulla
Hilus
Cortex
Which part of the nephron is NOT found in the cortex of the kidney?
Glomerulus
Loop of Henle
PCT
DCT
Blood enters the glomerulus via:
Afferent arteriole
Efferent arteriole
Renal artery
Afferent venule
Which part of the nephron is found in the medulla of the kidney?
Bowman's capsule
Which hormone is NOT produced by the kidney?
Erythropoietin
Renin
Anti-diuretic hormone
Fhyroxine
Which part of the nephron acts as a filter of plasma?
Which hormone is responsible for increasing reabsorption of sodium?
Aldosterone
Vitamin D
