Analgesic Categories

what are the chemical mediators of pain

Inflammatory mediators

how are Eiconasoids formed

COX enzyme pathway

Prostaglandins -

what is the major prostaglandin mediating pain response?

major receptors mediation PGE2 action in nerves:

NSAIDs - a bit of background

NSAIDs- actions

NSAIDs MOA

NSAIDs COX Selectivity

inhibition of COX-1

inhibition of COX-2

COX 2 specific NSAIDs

NSAID adverse effects - brief list

NSAID GI AEs

why give misoprostol with NSAIDs

NSAIDs AEs RENAL

NSAIDs AE prolongation of bleeding

Avoiding GI problems with NSAIDs

paracetamol / acetaminophen

glutathione (phase 2)

opioids - how do they work

Opioid Receptors Effects: mu

Opioid Receptors Effects: Kappa

μ opiod receptor endogenous ligands

Opioid Receptor Effects: Delta

κ opioid receptor endogenous ligands

δ opioid receptor endogenous ligands

μ opioid receptor - location

κ opioid receptor - locations

δ opioid receptor locations

more about opioid receptors

role of endogenous opioids

Exogenous Opioid Agents - 4 categories

direct effects of opioids due to inhibition of nerve transmission

HEROIN

opioid activity is dependent on structure and addictive properties is related to their potential as pain releiver

antagonists of opioids

strong opioids

weak opioids

partial opioid agonist

codeine

fentanyl <3

methadone

route of administration maters

opioid Adverse effects - ACUTE

opioid adverse effects CHRONIC

mechanism of opioid tolerance

withdrawal from opioids

opioid DDIs

methylnatrexone

long term opioid use effect on endocrine system

opioids and osteoporosis