13063507
Beschreibung
Quiz von Julie Joyce, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Julie Joyce
vor etwa 6 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
This structure prevents food from entering the airway
Antworten
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vestibular folds
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uvula
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laryngopharynx
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epiglottis
Frage 2
Frage
Surfactant decreases the _________________ in the alveoli
Antworten
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surface tension
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pressure
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compliance
-
volume
Frage 3
Frage
The amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal tidal volume inspiration is termed the __________________.
Antworten
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vital capacity
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expiratory reserve volum
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inspiratory reserve volume
-
inspiratory capacity
Frage 4
Frage
Which of the following statements is FALSE in regard to inspiration?
Antworten
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the rib cage is elevated
-
the diaphragm is relaxed
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volume in the thoracic cavity has increased
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intrapulmonary pressure has decreased
Frage 5
Frage
Which of the following is responsible for keeping the lungs from collapsing?
Antworten
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surfactant
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intrapulmonary pressure
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transpulmonary pressure
-
intrapleural pressure
Frage 6
Frage
The chloride shift refers to _______________________.
Antworten
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chloride ions binding to hemoglobin
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chloride ions moving into our out of the red blood cells
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chloride ions combining with bicarbonate ions
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chloride ions being released from hemoglobin
Frage 7
Frage
When holding our breath for a long time we get the urge to breathe because of __________.
Antworten
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a decrease in N2
-
a decrease in 02
-
a increase in C02
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an increase in PH
Frage 8
Frage
The majority of carbon dioxide is transported _____________
Antworten
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bound to hemoglobin
-
dissolved in the plasma
-
as bicarbonate ions
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as carbonic acid
Frage 9
Frage
which is not one of the 3 main factors that influence external respiration
Antworten
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partial pressure gradients
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ventilation perfusion coupling
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temperature of the respiratory membrane
-
gas solubilities
Frage 10
Frage
Bacteria or other particulate debris contained within inspired air are removed or destroyed by __________.
Antworten
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mucus
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vibrissae
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conchae
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all of the above
Frage 11
Frage
People who have their adenoids removed to cut down on snoring are having their _________removed
Antworten
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nasal septum
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choanae
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conchae
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pharyngeal tonsils
Frage 12
Frage
Loss of lung elasticity and destruction of alveolar walls is termed:
Antworten
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asthma
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emphysema
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chronic bronchitis
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dyspnea
Frage 13
Frage
___________________ is the most potent chemical influencing respiration.
Antworten
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oxygen
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nitrogen
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water
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carbon dioxide
Frage 14
Frage
_______________ is produced by the ___________ in response to low blood oxygen levels
Antworten
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growth hormone; pituitary gland
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hematopoietin; bone marrow
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erthropoeietin; kidneys
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hematopoietin; lungs
Frage 15
Frage
Why is it possible to deliver more oxygen to vigorously working cells without increasing respiration rate or cardiac output?
Antworten
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it isn't a small decrese in p02 has very little effect on hemoglobin uploading
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Because once one molecule of oxygen is bound to hemoglobin, the other molecules bind much more rapidly.
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Because between a pO2 of zero and a pO2 of 40, hemoglobin saturation changes very rapidly and a greater degree of uploading will occur with even small changes in pO2.
-
Because carbon dioxide released from the vigorously working cells enhances oxygen binding to hemoglobin
Frage 16
Frage
Why is the rate of CO2 exchange roughly equivalent to that of O2 despite its less steep pressure gradient
Antworten
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CO2 diffuses much more rapidly out of the cells.
-
CO2 binds to O2 and moves across the respiratory membrane simultaneously.
-
CO2 is more soluble in water than is O2
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CO2 is actively transported into the alveoli.
Frage 17
Frage
During an asthma attack, bronchioles become severely ______________. Taking epinephrine cause them to _____________.
Antworten
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constricted; dilated
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dilated; constrict
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mucus-filled; empty of mucus
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both a and c
Frage 18
Frage
The majority of absorption occurs in the _____________.
Antworten
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stomach
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small intestine
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large intestine
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mouth
Frage 19
Frage
The majority of _______________ occurs in the mouth, stomach and small intestine.
Antworten
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ingestion
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chemical digestion
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mechanical digestion
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absorption
Frage 20
Frage
In terms of gastrointestinal function, the large intestine’s greatest contribution is:
Antworten
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exposing the chyme to the rich assortment of pancreas
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Absorption of all primary nutrients
-
absorption of water.
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Regulation of gastric motility.
Frage 21
Frage
Cirrhosis of the liver would most severely impact digestion of _____________.
Antworten
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carbohydrates
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amino acids
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proteins
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lipids
Frage 22
Frage
_____________ stimulates the gallbladder to contract
Antworten
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secretin
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CCK
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gastrin
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fatty chyme
Frage 23
Frage
Why is the small intestine well adapted for nutrient absorption?
Antworten
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acid secretions from the stomach are neutralized in the duodenum
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cck is released from the duodenum to promote liver and pancreatic secretion
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large surface area due to the presence of plicae circulares, villi and microvilli
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the small intestine is very long and thin
Frage 24
Frage
Which is true of intestinal juice?
Antworten
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2-4 liters are produced daily
-
pH range is 7.4 to 7.8
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it is hypotonic to blood plasma
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it is composed mostly of bicarbonate ions
Frage 25
Frage
The __________________ cells are responsible for HCl production
Antworten
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goblet
-
mucous
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parietal
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chief
Frage 26
Frage
Meals high in protein ___________________ gastrin secretion from the gastric glands.
Antworten
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increase
-
decrease
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have no effect upon
-
delay
Frage 27
Frage
When your stomach growls in response to an ad on TV for food, the ___________ phase of gastric secretion is initiated
Antworten
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cephalic
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gastric
-
intestinal
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gastrin
Frage 28
Frage
Which of the following types of epithelial tissues is most predominant throughout the digestive tract?
Antworten
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simple squamous
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stratified squamous
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simple columnar
-
simple cuboidal
Frage 29
Frage
Digestion of which of the following might be inhibited if a patient chronically consumes an antacid?
Antworten
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lipid
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carbohydrate
-
sugar
-
protein
Frage 30
Frage
A patient with a low RBC count receives vitamin b12 injections every two weeks. Why?
Antworten
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this patient is training for a triathalon
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this patient is anemic and has low iron
-
parietal cells in this patient's stomach have ceased producing intrinsic factor
-
this patient's parietal cells have stopped secreting hcl
Frage 31
Frage
Choose the answer that lists the four layers of the wall of the alimentary canal in the appropriate order from innermost to outermost
Antworten
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mucosa, submucosa, musularitis externa, serosa
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submucosa, mucosa, serosa, muscularis externa
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serosa mucosa muscularis externa, submucosa
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muscularis externa, submucosa serosa mucosa
Frage 32
Frage
amylase allows us to digest
Antworten
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carbohydrates
-
proteins
-
fats
-
all of the above
Frage 33
Frage
Which of the following is NOT an enzyme produced by the pancreas?
Antworten
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amylase
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lipase
-
nuclease
-
glucogonase
Frage 34
Frage
The gastric cells that secrete pepsinogen are the _________________.
Antworten
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mucous neck cells
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parietal cells
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chief cells
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enteroendocrine cells
Frage 35
Frage
What is a good source of unsaturated fats?
Antworten
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nuts
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meats
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margarine
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dairy
Frage 36
Frage
It is possible for vegetarians to obtain complete proteins by combining ___________ and __________________.
Antworten
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bread; vitamins
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fats; pasta
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legumes; cereal grains
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milk; sugar
Frage 37
Frage
The major metabolic function for most vitamins is that they assist enzymes by serving as _____________.
Antworten
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Sources of ATP
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active sites
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substrates
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coenzymes
Frage 38
Frage
The basal metabolic rate can most effectively be defined as the _____________.
Antworten
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lowest point of energy used by the body
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amount of energy needed to maintain life
-
maximal energy used by the body
-
energy required to digest a meal
Frage 39
Frage
Which of the following structure is responsible for feeding behavior?
Antworten
-
pituitary
-
medulla
-
pons
-
hypothalamus
Frage 40
Frage
What is the primary objective during the post absorptive state?
Antworten
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To collect and remove glucose from the blood and deposit it in cells
-
to convert fat to protein
-
to maintain blood glucose at around 70-110 mg/100 ml blood
-
to elevate blood glucose to the highest possible level to ensure adequate delivery to the brain
Frage 41
Frage
A negative nitrogen balance would be present in which situation?
Antworten
-
pregnancy
-
growth
-
starvation
-
all of the above
Frage 42
Frage
the nutrient used almost exclusively for ATP production is
Antworten
-
amino acids
-
fatty acids
-
fructose
-
glucose
Frage 43
Frage
in general metabolic terms, food digestion is a form of
Antworten
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metabolism; cellular respiration
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anabolism, catabolism
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cellular respiration; metabolism
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catabolism anabolism
Frage 44
Frage
the liver produces about _________ of blood cholesterol
Antworten
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15%
-
20%
-
80%
-
85%
Frage 45
Frage
which of the following is an essential fatty acid
Antworten
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triglyceride
-
linoleic acid
-
c. leucine
-
tyrosine
Frage 46
Frage
What is the true function of molecular oxygen acquired by the lungs?
Antworten
-
oxygen catalyzes the breaking of bonds in the glucose molecules
-
Oxygen catalyzes the synthesis of ATP
-
Oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor for the oxidation of food molecules
-
Oxygen drives energy dependent processes in our cell.
Frage 47
Frage
Which of the following is a lipid that is NOT used for energy?
Antworten
-
triglyceride
-
fatty acid
-
cholesterol
-
saturated fat
Frage 48
Frage
Which vitamin in extreme excess causes liver damage?
Antworten
-
biotin
-
niacin
-
ascorbic acid
-
tocopherol
Frage 49
Frage
This mineral is widely distributed in our plasma and tissue fluid (extracellular fluid).
Antworten
-
iron
-
calcium
-
sodium
-
potassium
Frage 50
Frage
This mineral is the most abundant mineral in the human body
Antworten
-
iron
-
calcium
-
sodium
-
potassium
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