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Quiz von Emma Lloyd, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Emma Lloyd
vor mehr als 7 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
How long ago was the Earth formed from a cloud of dust particles surrounding the sun?
Antworten
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200-300 million years ago
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480 billion years ago
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4500-5000 million years ago
Frage 2
Frage
How was the core of our Earth formed?
Antworten
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Heat generated by gravitational compression and radioactive decay melted the interior
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The temperature from the sun was so hot that the rock formations on Earth simply melted inwards
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Combustion of argon
Frage 3
Frage
What molten elements are the Earth's core made out of?
Antworten
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Nickel and Iron
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Hydrogen and Oxygen
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Magnesium and Nitrogen
Frage 4
Frage
The Earth's liquid mantle is made out of silicates of which two elements?
Antworten
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Silicon and Calcium
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Magnesium and Iron
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Carbon and Nitrogen
Frage 5
Frage
What is the Earth's crust made of?
Antworten
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Light silicate compounds
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Only sedimentary rock
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Molten lava
Frage 6
Frage
Which gases were present in the first atmosphere of Earth?
Antworten
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Nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, methane, nitrogen and hydrogen sulphide.
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Hydrogen, water vapour, methane, ammonia, nitrogen and hydrogen sulphide.
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Hydrogen, carbon, water vapour, methane and nitrogen.
Frage 7
Frage
Which property did the early atmosphere have?
Antworten
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Photolysis properties
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Oxidising properties
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Reducing properties
Frage 8
Frage
What was missing from the Earth's early atmosphere?
Antworten
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Oxygen
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Nitrogen
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Water Vapour
Frage 9
Frage
Where were most of the early useful molecules thought to have been created?
Antworten
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In shallow oceans
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In the depths of igneous rock
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In the atmosphere
Frage 10
Frage
Who conducted the 'Primordial Soup' experiment in 1953?
Antworten
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Stanley Müller
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Henry Maller
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Stanley Miller
Frage 11
Frage
What was the aim of the 'primordial Soup' experiment?
Antworten
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To recreate the explosions that began the Earth
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To recreate the conditions of Earth before life evolved
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To observe how gases combusted
Frage 12
Frage
In the first Primordial Soup experiment, which organic compounds were in the solution?
Antworten
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Ribose, Adenine, Hydrochloric Acid and Urea.
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Deoxyribose, Glucose, Carbolic Acid and Iron Phosphates.
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Glycine, Alanine, Lactic Acid and Urea.
Frage 13
Frage
Which molecules have been created from recent recreations of the 'Primordial Soup' experiment?
Antworten
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Ribose, deoxyribose, purines, pyrimidines and nucleotides.
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RNA, water, hexose, phosphoric acid and nucleotides.
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DNA, water, purines, pyrimidines and hexose.
Frage 14
Frage
How do you create ATP from purines?
Antworten
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Combine ribose and phosphates to adenine under UV light
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Combine deoxyribose and phosphates to adenine with an electrical charge sent through it.
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Combine ribose and phosphates to ammonia under UV light.
Frage 15
Frage
What is the name given to large aggregations of molecules?
Antworten
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Cofactor Droplets
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Coacervate Droplets
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Cervical Droplets
Frage 16
Frage
How were the droplets made by Oparin (which resembled living cells) created in the lab?
Antworten
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Dissolving glycerol and polysaccharides in water
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Dissolving gelatin and proteins in water
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Dissolving gelatin protein and polysaccharides in water
Frage 17
Frage
How did the droplets made by Oparin resemble living cells?
Antworten
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They acquired a membrane-like lipid coating
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They developed nuclei
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They could fully synthesis proteins
Frage 18
Frage
How did Oparin's stable droplets grow?
Antworten
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Mitosis
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Absorbing chemicals from less stable droplets
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Endocytosis
Frage 19
Frage
The first living cells are thought to have arisen from which kind of droplets?
Antworten
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Coacervate droplets that contained polynucleotides
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Coacervate droplets that contained polysaccharides
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Coacervate droplets that contained protiens
Frage 20
Frage
Which of the following is a reason that some of the first living cells broke down?
Antworten
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Not enough carbon dioxide to photosynthesis
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Not enough oxygen to respire
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Short supply of adenosine triphosphate
Frage 21
Frage
What is the definition of glycolysis?
Antworten
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The breakdown of glucose to provide energy for the production of ATP
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The breakdown of glucose to provide energy for the production of proteins
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The anabolism of glucose to provide energy
Frage 22
Frage
The first organisms were:
Antworten
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Heterotropic and aerobic
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Heterotrophic and anaerobic
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Homotrophic and aerobic
Frage 23
Frage
The first cells had nucleic acids organised into coding systems for protein synthesis but they did not have...
Antworten
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DNA
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Nuclear membranes
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Ribosomes
Frage 24
Frage
How did oxygen first appear in the atmosphere?
Antworten
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Respiration of the first living cells
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Natural combustion
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Ultra-violet radiation acting on water vapour
Frage 25
Frage
Why was atmospheric oxygen damaging?
Antworten
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It created hydrogen peroxide that could attack RNA and DNA
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Oxygen over-exposure caused severe abnormalities in cells
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There was not enough of it
Frage 26
Frage
Which enzyme protects against the effects of hydrogen peroxide?
Antworten
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Peroxase
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Hydrogenase
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Catalase
Frage 27
Frage
Which process produced atmospheric oxygen?
Antworten
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Photolysis
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Respiration
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Radical Substitution
Frage 28
Frage
What happened to the remaining organic chemicals of the 'Primordial Soup'?
Antworten
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They were broken down into hydrogen peroxide and reduced sediments
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They were broken down into carbon dioxide and oxidised sediments
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They were broken down into carbon monoxide and reduced sediments
Frage 29
Frage
Which processes do eukaryotes and prokaryotes have in common?
Antworten
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Glycolysis and respiration
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Photolysis and protein synthesis
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Glycolysis and photosynthesis
Frage 30
Frage
What does the Symbiotic Theory suggest?
Antworten
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All organelles work with one another, supporting the function of each other
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All organelles used to be individual prokaryotes
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All organelles can perform glycolysis
Frage 31
Frage
Which of the following are proof of the Symbiotic Theory?
Antworten
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Cells can respire
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Mitochondria resemble aerobic bacteria
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DNA resembles RNA
Frage 32
Frage
How can we estimate the age of rocks?
Antworten
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Measure their depth below the surface
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Use TEM microscopy
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Measure how much energy they release when combusted
Frage 33
Frage
In newer methods of determining the age of rocks, which element can be used?
Antworten
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Francium
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Uranium
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Argon
Frage 34
Frage
How old is the oldest found invertebrate (with hard shells or exoskeletons)?
Antworten
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60 million years old
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600 million years old
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6000 million years old
Frage 35
Frage
How old are the first vertebrae fossils?
Antworten
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5 million years old
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50 million years old
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500 million years old
Frage 36
Frage
How old are the oldest microfossils that resemble bacteria?
Antworten
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1100 million years old
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3100 million years old
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5100 million years old
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