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| Frederick the Great (ruled 1740-1786) | As Kinf of Prussia he invited Voltaire to his court and sought his advice on how to be Enlightened ruler. Improved the educational system and promoted industry, agriculture and commerce. He allowed freedom to the press and gave Catholics and Jews permission. |
| Peter the Great (ruled 1682-1725) | He was a contemporary of Louis XIV of France. He was responsable for trying to make Russia part of Europe. He introduce to his country Western ideas in science, education, militry training and industry. Extend control over Russia and helped to bouild a new seaport on the Gulf of Finland. |
| Catherine the Great (ruled 1762-1796) | She was the German wife of the Russian Czar, Peter III, she ruled as a autocrat. She read the works of Voltaire and Monstesquieu and imported Western culture to Russia. She also codified Rissia laws, pratonized the arts, created hospitals and undertook other punlic welfare projects. |
| Maria Theresa of Austria (ruled 1740-1780) | She established a national Army. limited the power of the Catholic Church, resived the tax system and the bureaucracy, and reduce the power of the Lord of the Serfs. |
| Joshep II (ruled 1780-1790) | He abolished serfdom and introduce a single tax for everyone, a Physiocratic idea. He granted religious tolerant to Calvinist and Lutherans, and eliminate many of the restrinctions on Jews. He abolished capital punishment and reformed the educational and judical system. |
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