RENAISSANCE

classical writings- writings of the ancient Greeks and Romans
humanists- philosophers who believed that humans were important
renaissance- (rebirth) a time when people became less concerned with the mysteries of the heavens/ gods and more interested with people around them
Italy- first/ leading center of the renaissance
city- states (Florence, Venice, papal states) had grown wealthy from trade
city- states were first ruled by guilds and then powerful families took control
these leaders spent money on ceremonies and had churches and palaces built to impress the people
also encourages scholars, poets, and philosophers to build palace schools to educate the sons of the rick
they would study the classical writings and learn good manners (also would wrestle, fence, and swim rest of the day)

ART

city states often competed for the services of certain painters and sculptors (artist knew they were inconstant + began to seek honor/ attention)
renaissance artist paid attention to the detail of nature
perspective- a way of showing objects as they appear at different distances
artist studied the structure of the human body and experimented with light, color, and shade,
began painting/ sculpting works that were true to life/ full of color
good artist were given money by rulers of city- states and in return were expected to make painting and sculptures for rulers palaces
artist tried to paint peoples facial features to show what people were really like (portraits were usually painted to honor dead/ famous people, then only wealthy merchants would have his portrait painted
Leonardo Da vinvi+ Mona Lisa (portrait of an Italian noblewoman) and the last supper (Jesus and twelve duciphuls at the last meal before Jesus `s death
Da vinvi was also an inventor (ex: parachute, flying machine)
Michelangelo- Sistine chapel (painted scenes from the bible on ceiling) and the Pieta (dead Christ in Mary's arms)

CITY LIFE

gathered to talk or carry out businesses, and parades/ ceremonies were celebrated there
Italian renaissance cities had narrow paved streets with open sewers
merchants and shopkeepers lived on top floor of the building that housed their shops
the rich built homes in the classical style (large rooms, high ceilings)
the poor worked for low wages and in overcrowded, run- down areas
center of city life was the piazza, or central square
markets were set up there where goods were traded, people families+ close- knit lived and worked in the same neighborhood, marriages were arranged, basically business deals, women raised household/ children men worked/ talked with friends
clothing+ men dressed in tights and tunics or cloaks and caps, women in simple, flowing dresses, the rich wore brightly colored clothing made from expensive silk and velvet

RENAISSANCE ENGLAND

1455- 2 families, the Yorks and the Lancasters began the fight for the throne of England
Yorkist symbol= white rose
Lancastrian symbol= red rose
the struggle was called the war of roses
when the war ended (30 years later) the Tudors, who fought alongside the Lancastrers, took over the throne
Henry 7th, 1st Tudor king, prepared the way for the renaissance in England
made the monarchy stronger and built up trade
Henry 8th, the next king, encouraged art and literature
England looked towards Renaissance Italy for new consents/ ideas
English renaissance reached its height during the region of Henry's daughter, Elizabeth 1st
became queen when she was 35
during this time, poetry, instruments were created, and plays became popular
1850- the 1st theaters in England were built
stages stood out in the open
most of the audience did sit under some type of cover
those who couldn't pay for seats stood in the pit, or the open area in the front of the theater sides of the stage
since there was no electricity, they had afternoon preformenses
William Shakespeare was on of the best known English play writes, or author of plays
ideas for his plays come from the histories of England and ancient Rome
most famous play is Romeo and Juliet

RENAISSANCE FRANCE

french kings invaded Italy and became fascinated with Italian architecture, art, and fashion
king Francis 1st arranged for Italian artisans to work in France
he and other nobles hired Italians architects to design chateaux, or French castles
Francis 1st encouraged French authors to model their works on those of Italian authors
Rabelais, a physician- monk, believed that humans were not tied down by their past and could do what ever they wanted to
he wrote a popular book, the Adventures of Gargantua, and Pantagruel, which the 2 main characters were 2 comical giants

RENAISSANCE GERMANY AND FLANDERS

religious scholars learned Greek and Hebrew so that they could understand the earliest versions of the bible
German and Flemish scholars decided that church leaders have interrupted the bible to suit their own needs and also decided changes needed to be made to make church teachings simpler
Erasman, a Dutch scholar, made new Latin translations of the New Testament
he also wrote Praise of Folly, a book that attacked corrupt church leaders and practiced
a German named Johannes Gutenberg developed a printing press and as a result, books could be quickly printed by machine rather than slowly written by hand
this made many more books available to the people and new ideas spread rapidly through Europe
Northern Europe artist studied Italian works of art and then developed their own styles by painting scenes form the bible and daily life
Hubert and Jan Vac Eydk discovered how to paint in oils
the colors of the oil paintings were deep and rich

	Created by aazalone almost 11 years ago

7 social studies Note on social studies renaissance, created by aazalone on 05/22/2013.

social studies renaissance