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Quiz on Microbiology and Immunology

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Microbiology and Immunology

Microbiology and Immunology

Question 1 of 41

1

Which of the following is NOT a general shape/structure of bacteria and microbes?

Select one of the following:

  • Cocci (spherical)

  • Bacilli (rod shaped)

  • Sarcodina (circular)

  • Spirochetes (helical)

Explanation

Question 2 of 41

1

Which of the following is a property of gram positive (G+) cell walls?

Select one of the following:

  • They have two layers.

  • They have a thick peptidoglycan layer.

  • They have a periplasmic space.

  • The outer wall contains Lipid A.

Explanation

Question 3 of 41

1

Which of the following is true about gram negative (-) cell walls?

Select one of the following:

  • They have a periplasmic space.

  • They contain peptidoglycan.

  • They only have 1 layer that is very thick.

  • They contain teichoic acid.

Explanation

Question 4 of 41

1

How do bacteria attach to host cells?

Select one of the following:

  • Microvilli

  • Sticky enzymes

  • Pili

Explanation

Question 5 of 41

1

Which of the following can grow with or without oxygen?

Select one of the following:

  • Obligate aerobes

  • Obligate anaerobes

  • Facultative anaerobes

  • Facultative aerobes

Explanation

Question 6 of 41

1

Which of the following is true about toxins?

Select one of the following:

  • There are 220 known bacterial toxins and they fall under two groups: exotoxins and endotoxins.

  • Toxins are poisonous substances produced by microorganisms.

  • 40% of toxins cause disease by damaging the Eukaryotic cell membrane.

  • All of the above are true.

Explanation

Question 7 of 41

1

Which of the following exotoxins interefere with normal nerve impulses?

Select one of the following:

  • Cytotoxins

  • Neurotoxins

  • Enterotoxins

Explanation

Question 8 of 41

1

Endotoxins are part of the outer cell wall of Gram (-) bacteria.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 9 of 41

1

Which of the following is true about bacteria cells?

Select one of the following:

  • They are eukaryotic.

  • They contain sterols.

  • The produce endospores.

  • They have glucans, mannans, and chitin in their cell wall.

Explanation

Question 10 of 41

1

Which of the following is true about fungi?

Select one of the following:

  • They are insensitive to antibiotics.

  • They are prokaryotic.

  • They have peptidoglycan in their cell wall.

  • They do not contain sterols.

Explanation

Question 11 of 41

1

Which of the following plasma membranes contains ergosterol?

Select one of the following:

  • Human plasma membrane

  • Fungal plasma membrane

  • Bacterial plasma membrane

Explanation

Question 12 of 41

1

Which of the following is a mycelial form of dimorphic fungi?

Select one of the following:

  • Parasitic form

  • Saprophytic form

  • Tissue form

Explanation

Question 13 of 41

1

Systemic fungal infectious agents are found in the skin, hair, and nails. They rarely invade deeper tissue. They are also called dermatophytes.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 41

1

Proteinaceous infectious particles are:

Select one of the following:

  • prions

  • viruses

  • bacteria

  • parasite

Explanation

Question 15 of 41

1

Which of the following is FALSE about common virus structures?

Select one of the following:

  • Contain a viral genome of RNA or DNA

  • Contain a capsid

  • Genome is double stranded or single stranded

  • All of the above are true.

Explanation

Question 16 of 41

1

In which cycle is the viral genome integrated into the host?

Select one of the following:

  • Lytic cycle

  • Lysogenic cycle

  • Latent cycle

Explanation

Question 17 of 41

1

Which of the following pathways do retroviruses use?

Select one of the following:

  • RNA --> DNA --> mRNA --> Protein

  • DNA --> mRNA --> Protein

  • RNA --> mRNA --> Protein

Explanation

Question 18 of 41

1

Which of the following is NOT a type of parasite (main classifications)?

Select one of the following:

  • Protozoan

  • Trophozoite

  • Helminthe

  • Exoparasite

Explanation

Question 19 of 41

1

Which of the following is the active, free swimming stage of the protozoan?

Select one of the following:

  • Trophozoite

  • Cyst

  • Flagellate

Explanation

Question 20 of 41

1

Which of the following protozoans are incorrectly matched:

Select one of the following:

  • Amoeba - sarccodina

  • Flagellates - mastigophora

  • Ciliates - trematodes

  • Sporozoans - apicomyplexa

Explanation

Question 21 of 41

1

Which of the following hleminthes is associated with eating raw or undercooked meat of animals infected with its larvae?

Select one of the following:

  • Trematodes

  • Cestodes

  • Nematodes

Explanation

Question 22 of 41

1

Which of the following helminthes is associated with infection caused by ingestion of eggs shed in the feces of a human tapeworm carrier?

Select one of the following:

  • Trematodes

  • Cestodes

  • Nematodes

Explanation

Question 23 of 41

1

Which of the following helminthes is associated with blood flukes that target organs that are fed by blood?

Select one of the following:

  • Trematodes

  • Cestodes

  • Nematodes

Explanation

Question 24 of 41

1

Which of the following is NOT a possible effect of an antimicrobial drug?

Select one of the following:

  • Interruption of cell membrane structure/function

  • Inhibition of protein synthesis

  • Inhibition of nucleus formation

  • Interference with nucleic acid metabolism

Explanation

Question 25 of 41

1

What is virulence?

Select one of the following:

  • The degree of pathogenicity

  • The relative ability of a microorganism to cause disease

  • How capsules, toxins, enzymes, cell wall receptors, and pilli allow pathogens to evade or overcome host defenses

  • All of the above.

Explanation

Question 26 of 41

1

Which of the following is NOT a static defense (non-inflammatory reaction) of the body?

Select one of the following:

  • Skin

  • gastric pH

  • saliva

  • phagocytes

Explanation

Question 27 of 41

1

Which of the following is NOT true about the local inflammation response?

Select one of the following:

  • It is the second stage of the innate system.

  • Phagocytes respond to peptidoglycan and mannose.

  • Migration of phagocytes and plasma proteins to infected tissues occurs.

  • Maturation of WBCs occurs.

Explanation

Question 28 of 41

1

Which of the following cells recognize antigens on the surface of a virus-infected cell and bind to the cell to destroy it?

Select one of the following:

  • Cytotoxic T cells (killer T cells)

  • B cells

  • Helper T cells

  • All of the above.

Explanation

Question 29 of 41

1

MHC1 attached to CD8 cytotoxic T cells.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 30 of 41

1

Which of the following is true about B lymphocytes?

Select one of the following:

  • They are formed in the thymus and undergo development in the bone marrow.

  • They are formed in the bone marrow and undergo development in the bone marrow.

  • They are formed in both the thymus and the bone marrow and undergo development in the blood.

Explanation

Question 31 of 41

1

Which of the following is NOT true about T lymphocytes?

Select one of the following:

  • T-lymphocytes migrate from the thymus to enter the bone marrow.

  • In the outer cortex of the thymus, T lymphocytes acquire specific receptors (TCRs) which commits it to a single antigen specificity.

  • T lymphocytes respond by proliferation and production of a clone of cells (clonal selection).

  • T lymphocytes differentiate to express CD3, CD4 and CD8 receptors.

Explanation

Question 32 of 41

1

T lymphocytes can become which of the following:

Select one of the following:

  • CD4+ (helper T cells)

  • CD8+ (killer T cells)

  • Cytotoxic cells

  • All of the above.

Explanation

Question 33 of 41

1

T lymphocytes can become which of the following:

Select one of the following:

  • CD4+ (helper T cells)

  • CD8+ (killer T cells)

  • Cytotoxic cells

  • All of the above.

Explanation

Question 34 of 41

1

Which of the following does a B lymphocyte NOT do when encountering an appropriate antigen?

Select one of the following:

  • Interact with antigenic epitopes.

  • Develop in plasma cells, secreting large amount of antibody.

  • Circulate as memory cells.

  • Hide antigenic peptides from T cells.

Explanation

Question 35 of 41

1

Which of the following immunoglobulin types works on parasites?

Select one of the following:

  • IgA

  • IgM

  • IgG

  • IgE

Explanation

Question 36 of 41

1

Which of the following is true about innate immunity?

Select one of the following:

  • Action requires days to develop.

  • Contains macrophages, granulocytes, natural killer cells, complements, HCl, lysozymes.

  • Response is specific.

  • Contains T cells and B cells.

Explanation

Question 37 of 41

1

Which of the following is true about the adaptive immunity response?

Select one of the following:

  • It contains macrophages and granulocytes.

  • It is non specific.

  • It can be humeral or cell mediated.

  • Its action is immediate.

Explanation

Question 38 of 41

1

Which of the following is NOT true about naturally passive acquired immunity?

Select one of the following:

  • It is a short term immunization.

  • It is not produced by the host.

  • The antibodies are passed through the placenta to the fetus.

Explanation

Question 39 of 41

1

Which of the following is an example of natural active acquired immunity?

Select one of the following:

  • Vaccination with live or killed infectious agents.

  • Measles or mumps.

  • Short term immunization

  • Placenta to fetus

Explanation

Question 40 of 41

1

A small molecule that can elicit an immune response only when attached to a large carrier (like a protein) is:

Select one of the following:

  • Immugen

  • Antigen

  • Pathogen

  • Hapten

Explanation

Question 41 of 41

1

Which of the following is not a main role of a complement?

Select one of the following:

  • Lysis of cells.

  • Attracting white blood cells.

  • Quarantining pathogens.

  • Enhancement of phagocytosis.

Explanation

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