Ionic and Covalent Bonding

Compound

Give one way in which compounds can be broken down into their elements.

Hydrated substances contain

How can water of crystallisation be driven off?

Water of crystallisation

Valency

Octet rule

Exceptions to the octet rule

Valency of group 1

Valency of group 2

Valency of group 3

Valency of group 4

Valency of group 5

Valency of group 6

Valency of group 7

Valency of group 0

Why is helium safer than hydrogen in balloons and blimps although they both have low densities?

Why is argon added to light bulbs?

Ionic bonding typically happens between

Ionic bond

Positively charged ions

Is the cation generally larger or smaller than the corresponding atom?

Do the metals or the non-metals become cations?

Negatively charged ions

Do metals or non-metals generally become anions?

Is the anion generally larger or smaller than the corresponding atom?

Electrons are ...... in ionic bonding

Everyday examples of ionic substances

Characteristics of ionic substances

Electrons in a covalent bond are

Each shared pair is

Electron pairs involved in bonding are called

Electron pairs not involved in bonding are called

Ionic bonding results in the formation of

Covalent bonding results in the formation of

Covalent bonds form between

Double covalent bonds form between

Triple covalent bonds form between

Two s orbitals overlapping

Pi bond

The strength of covalent bonds can be measured by

Electrons shared equally

What two factors dictate the extent to which the shared electrons are attracted by different nuclei

Electrons shared unequally

Characteristics of covalent compounds

Examples of covalent compounds

Electronegativity

What is the most common scale of electronegativity?

The higher the electronegativity value

3 factors responsible for the variation in electronegativity values

Difference of more than 1.7

Difference of 0 or very little

less than 1.7