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MCQ's copy, Anatomy yr 1 PMU

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PMU - 2nd/2t Semester Anatomy - CNS (Spinal Cord)

PMU - 2nd/2t Semester Anatomy - CNS (Spinal Cord)

Question 1 of 37

1

The spinal cord occupies the entire vertebral canal:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 2 of 37

1

The end of spinal cord (conus medullaris) adult is at L2:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 3 of 37

1

The sacrum contains the subarachnoid space along the whole length of the sacral canal:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 37

1

The atlas has the first cervical spinal nerve on its posterior arch:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 5 of 37

1

The first spinal nerve has the shortest roots and the last one the longest:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 6 of 37

1

The connection between the dorsal and lateral funicle is called Lisauer zone (zona terminalis)

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 7 of 37

1

Sulcus intermedius dorsali is a groove between sulcus medianus dorsalis and sulcus dorsolateralis in the upper thoracic and cervical part of the spinal cord.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 37

1

Dorsal funiculus in the cervical segments contains fasiculus gracilis, laterally and fasciculus cuneatus, medially:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 9 of 37

1

The spinal cord ends caudally at the coccyx:

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 37

1

If in the process of doing a lumbar puncture a spinal needle was inserted posteriorly in the mid-line until it had just penetrated the posterior longitudinal ligament, would the needle have entered the sub-arachnoid space?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 37

1

The part of a spinal nerve that supplies the true back muscles and the skin overlying them is the:

Select one of the following:

  • Dorsal primary ramus

  • Dorsal root

  • Ventral primary ramus

  • Ventral root

Explanation

Question 12 of 37

1

A football player suffers a herniated (ruptured) intervertebral disk in his neck. The disk compresses the spinal nerve exciting through the invertebrate foramen between the 5th and 6th cervical vertebrae. Which spinal nerve is affected?

Select one of the following:

  • C4

  • C5

  • C6

  • C7

  • C8

Explanation

Question 13 of 37

1

A man has a herniated intervertebral disk between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae. If this disk compresses the spinal nerve in the intervertebral foramen immediately posterior to this disk, which spinal nerve would be affected?

Select one of the following:

  • L3

  • L4

  • L5

  • S1

  • S2

Explanation

Question 14 of 37

1

Both the dural sac and the subarachnoid space end at which vertebral level?

Select one of the following:

  • L4

  • L5

  • S2

  • S1

  • S4

Explanation

Question 15 of 37

1

It is decided to image the spinal cord and spinal nerve rootlets by doing a myelogram (injection of a radio-opaque dye into the subarachnoid space followed by a radio-graph). In order to inject the dye without injury to the spinal cord, the injection is usually done below what vertebral level?

Select one of the following:

  • L1

  • L2

  • L3

  • L4

  • L5

Explanation

Question 16 of 37

1

The myelogram revealed that the dye had leaked out along the spinal nerves in the mid cervical region on the right side. For the dye to leak out, what layer must have been torn or ruptured?

Select one of the following:

  • Arachnoid

  • Denticulate ligament

  • Periosteum

  • Pia

  • Perineurium

Explanation

Question 17 of 37

1

In the lumbar spine, the L4 nerve root sleeve exits:

Select one of the following:

  • Above the pedicle of L4 and at the top of the intervertebral foramen

  • Above the pedicle of L4 and at the bottom of the intervertebral foramen

  • Below the pedicle of L4 and at the top of the intervertebral foramen

  • Below the pedicle of L4 and at the bottom of the intervertebral foramen

Explanation

Question 18 of 37

1

Which structure does NOT contain efferent autonomic nerve fibers?

Select one of the following:

  • Dorsal ramus of C4

  • Dorsal root of T6

  • Ventral root of T3

  • Ventral ramus of L2

Explanation

Question 19 of 37

1

It was noted that after an injury the patients face on the right side was flushed due to dilation of the blood vessels. The lack of vaso-constriction was due to interruption of what fibers somewhere along their course?

Select one of the following:

  • Somatic Afferent

  • Somatic Efferent

  • Parasympathetic

  • Sympathetic

Explanation

Question 20 of 37

1

A 60-year-old male presented with a number of unusaul signs and symptoms in the facial region. Among others, it was found that the right side of his face was flushed (red). Further testing revealed a lack of ability to sweat in the same cutaneous region. Which nervous structures were most likely implicated in this set of clinical abnormalities?

Select one of the following:

  • Cranial outflow of the ans

  • Dorsal roots of cervical nerves

  • Gray rami communicantes of T5

  • Sympathetic nerve fibers

  • Vagus nerves

Explanation

Question 21 of 37

1

The conus medullaris:

Select one of the following:

  • Exhibits both a cervical and lumbar enlargement.

  • Has a modification of neural tissue extending from its termination to the coccygeal ligament

  • Gives origin to most of the cauda equina.

  • Is found at its lowest extent at S2

  • Is normally anesthetized to perform a spinal tap

Explanation

Question 22 of 37

1

A neuron with a cell body in the dorsal root ganglia could convey what type of fibers?

Select one of the following:

  • Motor to the deep back muscles

  • Motor to the pectoralis major muscle

  • Sensory from the skin overlying the trapezius

  • Sympathetic preganglionics to the suprarenal medulla

  • Visceral efferents to the stomach

Explanation

Question 23 of 37

1

Which is a source of axons found in the dorsal primary ramus of the 4th thoracic spinal nerve?

Select one of the following:

  • Afferent neurons arising from the skin overlying the trapezius muscle

  • Somatic motor neurons supplying the levator scapulae muscle

  • Somatic motor neurons supplying the rhomboid muscles

  • Somatic motor neurons supplying the trapezius muscle

Explanation

Question 24 of 37

1

The denticulate ligament:

Select one of the following:

  • Is a modification of pia mater

  • Is found between all dorsal and ventral roots

  • Attaches to the dural sac continuously

  • Has its terminal attachment at S2

  • Holds the radicular arteries in place.

Explanation

Question 25 of 37

1

In order to expose the spinal cord from the posterior side, it is necessary to remove the:

Select one of the following:

  • Laminae, pedicles and ligamenta flava

  • Laminae, spinous processes and ligamenta flava

  • Pedicles, spinous processes and posterior longitudinal ligament

  • Transverse processes, pedicles and ligamenta flava

Explanation

Question 26 of 37

1

Cells that convey information to the CNS are:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Afferent sensory neurons

  • Pseudounipolar cells

  • First neuron is the sensory pathway

  • Located in the lateral horn of spinal cord

  • With peripheral processes ending on somatic or splanchnic receptor

Explanation

Question 27 of 37

1

Dorsal roots of a spinal nerve:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Are formed by the central processes of sensory neurons in the spinal ganglion

  • Enter the ventrolateral sulcus of the spinal cord.

  • Convey somatosensory (proprioseptive and visceroseptive) information

  • Are covered with pia meter

  • Take part in the formation of the spinal nerve.

Explanation

Question 28 of 37

1

The ventral roots of a spinal nerve:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Convey motor information to the skeletal muscles.

  • Exit through the ventrolateral sulcus of the spinal cord.

  • Are ensheated with dura mater spinalis.

  • Originate from interneurons in the ventral horn

  • Contain autonomic fibers.

Explanation

Question 29 of 37

1

The boundary between spinal cord and medulla oblongata is:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Foramen magnum

  • Decussatio pyramidum

  • Exit of the first pair of spinal nerves

  • Exit of the last pair of cranial nerves

  • Cervical enlargement

Explanation

Question 30 of 37

1

A spinal segment is defined as that region of the spinal cord that:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Corresponds to a collection of nerves passing up or down with the white matter.

  • Corresponds to the region of the vertebral column (i.e, cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral) to which spinal nerves are sent.

  • Sends rootlets to a particular spinal nerve.

  • Underlies the neural arch of a particular vertebra in the adult.

  • None of the above.

Explanation

Question 31 of 37

1

The spinal cord in the adult:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Usually ends about the level of the lower border of the first lumbar vertebra.

  • Has its largest cross sectional area at the level of the lower cervical vertebrae.

  • Has an anterior median fissure and a posterior median septum.

  • Gives origin to the preganglionic fibres of all the parasympathetic nerves

  • Receives its blood supply entirely from the vertebral arteries.

Explanation

Question 32 of 37

1

The white matter of the spinal cord:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Contain myelin fibers, non-myelin fibers and blood vessels.

  • Has three columns.

  • Has white commissure posteriorly to the gray commissure

  • Has root system and conductive system.

  • Is covered with arachnoidea

Explanation

Question 33 of 37

1

The white matter of the spinal cord:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Is located around the gray matter

  • Contains two main fascicles along the whole length of the dorsal column

  • Contains fasciculi proprii (own bundles)

  • Ventral funiculus contains faciculus interfaciculatus (bundle of Schultze)

  • Ventral funiculus is between ventral median fissure and ventral roots

Explanation

Question 34 of 37

1

Grossly the spinal cord presents two swellings which are:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Cervical and thoracic

  • Cervical and lumbar

  • Thoracic and lumbar

  • Thoracic and sacral

  • Lumbar and sacral

Explanation

Question 35 of 37

1

All spinal nerves:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Are formed by the union of a ventral and dorsal nerve root.

  • Have a ganglion containing synapses on their dorsal root.

  • Are named and numbered according to the vertebra below which they emerge.

  • Receive a grey ramus communicans from the sympathetic nerve trunk.

  • Give off a white ramus communicans to the sympathetic nerve trunk.

Explanation

Question 36 of 37

1

The cell bodies of the nerve fibres making up the fasciculus gracilis are found in:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Posterior root ganglia

  • Posterior grey horn

  • Nucleus gracilis

  • Lateral grey horn

  • Anterior grey horn

Explanation

Question 37 of 37

1

In the spinal cord:

Select one or more of the following:

  • There is more white matter in a cross section of the cervical region than the lumbar region.

  • The anterior horns of grey matter are larger in the lumbar region than in the thoracic region.

  • The fibres associated with the sensations of pain and temperature form a tract in the anterior columns of white matter.

  • Descending fibres from the motor areas of the brain are found in the lateral and anterior columns of white matter.

  • There are no descending fibres in the posterior columns.

Explanation

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