Bryan Suringa
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Medicine Quiz on Module 2 Set A (Pharmacy), created by Bryan Suringa on 11/06/2020.

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Module 2 Set A (Pharmacy)

Module 2 Set A (Pharmacy)

Question 1 of 100

1

What two enzymes are used to bypass the pyruvate kinase reaction of glycolysis?
I. pyruvate carboxylase
II. PEP carboxykinase (PEPCK)
III. Fructose bisphosphatase
IV. Glucose-6-phosphate

Select one of the following:

  • A. I & II

  • III & IV

  • II & IV

  • II & III

Explanation

Question 2 of 100

1

Which of the following includes the main goals of Pentose Phosphate Pathway?
I. produce ribose-5-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis
II. produce NADPH and NADP for oxidoreductive biochemical synthesis
III. to interconvert pentoses and hexoses

Select one of the following:

  • I & II

  • II & III

  • I & III

  • I, II & III

Explanation

Question 3 of 100

1

Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the secondary structure of nucleic acids?
I. Guanine forms base pairs with cytosine via 2 hydrogen bonds
II. The B form of the DNA is the most common in biological systems
III. The breaking of H-bonds caused by high temperature is called melting

Select one of the following:

  • I,II & III

  • I & II

  • II & III

  • I & III

Explanation

Question 4 of 100

1

The phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate forms the potent secondary messengers inositol triphosphate & diacylglycerol via what enzyme?

Select one of the following:

  • Phospholipase A

  • Phospholipase C

  • Phospholipase D

  • Phospholipase B

Explanation

Question 5 of 100

1

Which of the following is not true regarding the four enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain?

Select one of the following:

  • Complex I is known as the NADH-CoQ Oxidoreductases

  • Complex II is known as Succinate-CoQ Oxidoreductases

  • Complex III is known as Cytochrome Oxidase

  • Complex IV is known as Cytochrome Oxidase

Explanation

Question 6 of 100

1

Glucose and mannose are epimers at:

Select one of the following:

  • Carbon 4

  • Carbon 2

  • Carbon 3

  • Carbon 5

Explanation

Question 7 of 100

1

One important endogenous molecule for synthetic biotransformation of xenobiotics is glucuronic acid. It is actually the most dominant conjugative biotransformation pathway due to the readily available source of glucose. It is produce from glucose via:

Select one of the following:

  • Oxidation at carbon 1

  • Oxidation at carbon 2

  • Oxidation at carbon 6

  • Oxidation at carbon 1 & 6

Explanation

Question 8 of 100

1

Which of the following is not true about protein structure determination?

Select one of the following:

  • NMR is the only means of determining protein structure

  • Protein are difficult to crystallize, a disadvantage of x-ray crystallography

  • An advantage of the use of the NMR is that proteins analyzed are in their natural state

  • Large and very complex proteins can only be analyzed by x-ray crystallography

Explanation

Question 9 of 100

1

Tertiary structures of proteins are primarily stabilized by
I. H-bonds
II. Hydrophobic interactions
III. Ionic bonds
IV. Disulfide bonds

Select one of the following:

  • I, II, III & IV

  • I, II& IV

  • I,III & IV

  • I & III

Explanation

Question 10 of 100

1

In an uncompetitive inhibition of enzymatic action :

Select one of the following:

  • Inhibitor binds either to the free enzyme or the enzyme substrate complex

  • Lineweaver-Burk plots of the enzyme alone (control) & the enzyme + inhibitor are parallel to each other

  • The apparent Km is raised

  • The Vmax is unaffected

Explanation

Question 11 of 100

1

Which biomolecule is not considered a biopolymer?

Select one of the following:

  • Proteins

  • Lipids

  • Nucleic acids

  • Carbohydrates

Explanation

Question 12 of 100

1

It is regarded as the universal biological energy currency

Select one of the following:

  • Adenosine triphosphate

  • Guanosine triphosphate

  • Uncouplers

  • Calories

Explanation

Question 13 of 100

1

This is the final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration.

Select one of the following:

  • Complex I

  • Complex I&II

  • Nitrate

  • Oxygen

Explanation

Question 14 of 100

1

The most accepted hypothesis regarding oxidative phosphorylation is

Select one of the following:

  • Chemical coupling

  • Conformational coupling

  • Chemiosmotic hypothesis

  • Lock and Key Theory

Explanation

Question 15 of 100

1

This is a quantitative study of the energy transformations in the living cell

Select one of the following:

  • Bioenergetics

  • Thermodynamics

  • Proteomics

  • Metabolomics

Explanation

Question 16 of 100

1

Which of the following hormones promotes rapid glycogenolysis in both liver and muscle

Select one of the following:

  • ACTH

  • Glutamine

  • Epinephrine

  • Prolactin

Explanation

Question 17 of 100

1

Which vitamin can be used in the management of hyperlipidemia?

Select one of the following:

  • Thiamine

  • Riboflavin

  • Niacin

  • Pantothenic acid

Explanation

Question 18 of 100

1

Bond between 2 amino acids

Select one of the following:

  • Glycosidic bond

  • N-glycosyl linkage

  • Peptide Bond

  • Hydrogen bond

Explanation

Question 19 of 100

1

Beta oxidation of fatty acids in eukaryotic cells occurs in the

Select one of the following:

  • Cytosol

  • Mitochondria

  • Endoplasmic reticulum

  • Ribosomes

Explanation

Question 20 of 100

1

The pentose phosphate pathway (aka HMP Shunt) occurs in the ________ of the liver, muscle and kidney.

Select one of the following:

  • cytosol

  • mitochondria

  • endoplasmic reticulum

  • ribosomes

Explanation

Question 21 of 100

1

The isoelectric point is the

Select one of the following:

  • pH where the alpha amino acid exist in its negatively charged form

  • pH wherein the amino acid exist in zwitterionic form

  • Temperature at which the amino acid denatures

  • Pressure at which the amino acid hydrolyzes

Explanation

Question 22 of 100

1

This is the only optically inactive amino acid

Select one of the following:

  • methionine

  • Lysine

  • Citrulline

  • glycine

Explanation

Question 23 of 100

1

This level of protein structure is applicable only to those have several subunits

Select one of the following:

  • Primary

  • Secondary

  • Tertiary

  • Quaternary

Explanation

Question 24 of 100

1

Arginine is the only metabolite of the urea cycle that does not accumulate because

Select one of the following:

  • It is readily excreted

  • It is used up by the body for protein synthesis

  • There is no known deficiency in the enzyme that catabolizes it

  • It can be acquired from food

Explanation

Question 25 of 100

1

This is the genetic condition characterized by deficiency of the enzyme branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase

Select one of the following:

  • Maple syrup disease

  • Hartnup disease

  • Kwashiorkor

  • Marasmus

Explanation

Question 26 of 100

1

These are compounds related to cerebrosides that contain sphingosine, long chain fatty acids, hexoses (usually galactose or glucose) and neuraminic acid

Select one of the following:

  • cephalins

  • gangliosides

  • cytolipins

  • lecithins

Explanation

Question 27 of 100

1

This enzyme catalyzes the conversion fructose-6-P to fructose-1,6-bis-P

Select one of the following:

  • hexokinase

  • pyruvate kinase

  • PFK-1

  • Fructose bisphosphatase

Explanation

Question 28 of 100

1

Which of the following is called transamination?

Select one of the following:

  • Conversion of amino acids to hydroxyl groups

  • Conversion of amino acids to keto acids

  • Loss of ammonia from amino acids

  • Formation of ammonium salts from ammonia

Explanation

Question 29 of 100

1

The sugar involved in the DNA

Select one of the following:

  • ribose

  • pentose

  • deoxyribose

  • xylose

Explanation

Question 30 of 100

1

This is the reason why blood AB is considered as the universal recipient.

Select one of the following:

  • It is the most common among the ABO blood types

  • Blood type AB has neither A nor B substances

  • Blood type AB has no anti-A or anti-B antibodies

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 31 of 100

1

Which one is true regarding the structures of lipids?

Select one of the following:

  • Eicosapentaenoic acid is a saturated fatty acid

  • They may exist as esters of cholesterol when they are enclosed in very low density

  • Linoleic acid is an omega-3 fatty acid

  • Capric acid contains 12 carbons

Explanation

Question 32 of 100

1

This is the product of basic hydrolysis of fats and oils

Select one of the following:

  • fatty acid

  • triacylglycerol

  • soap

  • detergent

Explanation

Question 33 of 100

1

The group of lipids that is considered amphipathic

Select one of the following:

  • sterols

  • fatty acids

  • trans-fatty acids

  • phospholipids

Explanation

Question 34 of 100

1

Which properly describes a liposome?

Select one of the following:

  • It is a hollow sphere-like structure composed of a lipid bilayer enclosing an aqueous cavity

  • It is a lipid structure wherein the hydrophobic chains of the fatty acids are sequestered at the core of the sphere with virtually no water in the hydrophobic interior

  • It is a lipoprotein integrated in the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membranes

  • It is a hollow sphere-like structure composed of a lipid monolayer enclosing a hydrophobic cavity

Explanation

Question 35 of 100

1

It is the building block of essential fatty acids

Select one of the following:

  • Malonyl CoA

  • Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate

  • Acetyl CoA

  • HMG CoA

Explanation

Question 36 of 100

1

The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the________.

Select one of the following:

  • mouth

  • stomach

  • small intestine

  • duodenum

Explanation

Question 37 of 100

1

Cellular elements of the blood devoid of nucleus

Select one of the following:

  • RBC

  • WBC

  • thrombocytes

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 38 of 100

1

Conjugated proteins which are a combination of amino acids and carbohydrates

Select one of the following:

  • nucleoproteins

  • glycoproteins

  • phosphoproteins

  • chromoproteins

Explanation

Question 39 of 100

1

Glucose is normally absent in the urine because kidneys normally completely reabsorb all glucose. Which of the following is true?

Select one of the following:

  • Glucosuria confirms diabetes mellitus

  • Glucosuria necessarily means hyperglycemia

  • Glucosuria is solely attributed to insulin problem

  • Glucosuria may occur in other disease states

Explanation

Question 40 of 100

1

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome which can cause acute confusion, ataxia and ophthalmoplegia, can be treated with which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • riboflavin

  • ascorbic acid

  • thiamine

  • pantothenic acid

Explanation

Question 41 of 100

1

This is the major excretory product of purine nucleotides

Select one of the following:

  • inosine monophosphate

  • uric acid

  • methylmalonyl CoA

  • tetrahydrofolate

Explanation

Question 42 of 100

1

This is the phenomena of renaturation of nucleic acid after it has been subjected to high temperature and then to room temperature

Select one of the following:

  • Hydrolysis

  • Polymerase chain reaction

  • annealing

  • hybridization

Explanation

Question 43 of 100

1

This is the base sequence for the start codon

Select one of the following:

  • UAG

  • UGA

  • AUG

  • UAA

Explanation

Question 44 of 100

1

This feature of bacterial cells confers selectivity of antibacterial agents targeting protein synthesis to the bacteria and not to the host cell.

Select one of the following:

  • mRNA

  • 40s ribosomal subunit

  • lack of cell wall

  • 30s ribosomal subunit

Explanation

Question 45 of 100

1

This is also known as the RNA-directed DNA polymerase

Select one of the following:

  • RNA polymerase II

  • Reverse transcriptase

  • DNA polymerase alpha

  • DNA polymerase II

Explanation

Question 46 of 100

1

What essential amino acid is used in the synthesis of niacin?

Select one of the following:

  • Tyrosine

  • Methionine

  • tryptophan

  • Phenylalanine

Explanation

Question 47 of 100

1

The cellular particles are often referred to by their sedimentation coefficient value, for example 70s ribosomes that are expressed in terms of 10 -13 seconds. The abbreviation “s” stands for

Select one of the following:

  • subunit

  • Seconds

  • Svedberg

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 48 of 100

1

The best known building blocks of RNA and DNA are

Select one of the following:

  • purines

  • pyrimidines

  • fatty acids

  • a and b

Explanation

Question 49 of 100

1

The following are pathological constituents of urine, except:

Select one of the following:

  • glucose

  • albumin

  • creatinine

  • blood

Explanation

Question 50 of 100

1

Glucose and galactose differ only in the configuration of their hydroxyl group at carbon 4. Glucose and galactose are:

Select one of the following:

  • diastereomers

  • enantiomers

  • epimers

  • anomers

Explanation

Question 51 of 100

1

The chemical representation shows the most stable conformation of hexoaldopyranoses

Select one of the following:

  • Fischer projection

  • Boat conformation

  • Haworth Formula

  • Chair conformation

Explanation

Question 52 of 100

1

These are vegetables or animal drugs that consist of natural substances that have undergone only the process of collection and drying

Select one of the following:

  • natural substances

  • crude drugs

  • Extractives

  • Derivatives

Explanation

Question 53 of 100

1

What do you call plants growing in their native countries?

Select one of the following:

  • indigenous

  • naturalized

  • cultivated

  • local

Explanation

Question 54 of 100

1

What is used to treat cascara sagrada extract to reduce its bitter taste?

Select one of the following:

  • Magnesium oxide

  • Calcium carbonate

  • Simple syrup

  • Talc

Explanation

Question 55 of 100

1

What type of saponin glycosides are derivatives of steroids with spiroketal side chains?

Select one of the following:

  • Acid saponins

  • Alkaline saponins

  • Neutral saponins

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 56 of 100

1

This is the final step in the preparation of drugs for the commercial market, consisting of the removal of extraneous matter.

Select one of the following:

  • Packaging

  • Preservation

  • Garbling

  • Harvesting

Explanation

Question 57 of 100

1

Natural relationship existing among plants and among animals

Select one of the following:

  • taxonomy

  • morphology

  • phylogeny

  • Systematics

Explanation

Question 58 of 100

1

8. In the preservation of crude drugs, this method is the simplest in preventing insect attacks and other form of destruction

Select one of the following:

  • Exposure of the drug to a temperature of 65°C

  • Use of methyl chloride

  • adding a few drops of benzene

  • AOTA

Explanation

Question 59 of 100

1

This refers to the evaluation by means of the sense organs and includes the macroscopic appearance of the drug, odor, taste, sound upon fracture and feel to the touch

Select one of the following:

  • Physical Analysis

  • Chemical Analysis

  • Proximate Analysis

  • Organoleptic Analysis

Explanation

Question 60 of 100

1

The first commercial application of the technique in pharmaco-biotechnology was made by Eli Lilly Company. Using the non-disease producing strain of E.coli, this company produced the hormone

Select one of the following:

  • Glucagon

  • somatostatin

  • insulin

  • somatomedin

Explanation

Question 61 of 100

1

Which of the following may influence the secondary constituents of plant drugs?

Select one of the following:

  • genetic composition

  • ontogeny

  • environment

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 62 of 100

1

These are products of natural origin many of which without therapeutic effect used by the laity in the self-treatment of diseases.

Select one of the following:

  • Health Foods

  • Crude drugs

  • Extracts

  • AOTA

Explanation

Question 63 of 100

1

Which of the following statement/s is/are true?
I. Gums and mucilages are carbohydrates
II. Streptomycin is a carbohydrate
III. The concentration of secondary metabolites increases with age
IV. Biogenesis refers to the study of biochemical pathways leading to the formation of secondary constituents used as drugs

Select one of the following:

  • I, II and IV

  • I, II and III

  • I and III

  • III Only

Explanation

Question 64 of 100

1

Which of the following pairs is correct?

Select one of the following:

  • reserpine-hypotensive

  • sambong-stomachic

  • bayabas-diuretic

  • lagundi-analgesic

Explanation

Question 65 of 100

1

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

Select one of the following:

  • Synthetic Camphor is levorotatory

  • Natural Camphor is dextrorotatory

  • Both natural and semisynthetic camphor are racemic

  • NOTA

Explanation

Question 66 of 100

1

Give the proper sequence of the following processes in the preparation of natural drugs.
I. Garbling
II. Collection
III. Drying
IV. Harvesting
V. Packaging

Select one of the following:

  • III-I-IV-II-V

  • II-IV-III-I-V

  • II-I-IV-V-III

  • IV-I-III-V-II

Explanation

Question 67 of 100

1

This classification of drugs considers the natural relationship or phylogeny among plants and animals.

Select one of the following:

  • taxonomic

  • morphologic

  • zoologic

  • zoologic and taxonomic

Explanation

Question 68 of 100

1

The source of bassorin

Select one of the following:

  • acacia

  • Karaya

  • gum

  • Tragacanth

Explanation

Question 69 of 100

1

Mannitol is used pharmacologically as a/an

Select one of the following:

  • humectant

  • osmotic diuretic

  • anti-infective

  • urologic irritant

Explanation

Question 70 of 100

1

Which of the following is/are homoglycan(s)?

Select one of the following:

  • starch

  • starch and inulin

  • inulin

  • gums

Explanation

Question 71 of 100

1

The milk left after separation of the cream

Select one of the following:

  • cheese

  • condensed milk

  • skimmed milk

  • buttermilk

Explanation

Question 72 of 100

1

Fermentation product from molasses

Select one of the following:

  • wine

  • whiskey

  • rum

  • brandy

Explanation

Question 73 of 100

1

It is also known as the carob pulp or St. John's Bread

Select one of the following:

  • locust bean

  • Xanthan

  • guar

  • acacia

Explanation

Question 74 of 100

1

It tastes approximately half as sweet as sucrose, and has humectant properties which makes it a useful ingredient in toothpastes, chewing gums, and dietetic products.

Select one of the following:

  • mannitol

  • fructose

  • dulcitol

  • sorbitol

Explanation

Question 75 of 100

1

A pharmaceutical aid in the preparation of collodion and flexible collodion.

Select one of the following:

  • methylcellulose phthalate

  • soluble guncotton

  • powdered cellulose

  • cellulose acetate

Explanation

Question 76 of 100

1

Gum usually used as a substitute for acacia

Select one of the following:

  • ghatti

  • tragacanth

  • karaya

  • algin

Explanation

Question 77 of 100

1

It is also referred to as Japanese Isinglass, and is extensively used as a gel in bacteriologic culture media.

Select one of the following:

  • carrageenan

  • agar

  • chondrus

  • cydonium

Explanation

Question 78 of 100

1

Powdered cellulose is the purified, mechanically disintegrated cellulose used as a self-binding tablet diluent and disintegrating agent. Which of the following statements regarding powdered cellulose is correct?
A) The purity of cellulose is defined by its solubility in hydrochloric acid.
B) The cellulose remaining insoluble is termed a-cellulose.
C) The greater the quantity of a-cellulose present, the higher the quality of the material.

Select one of the following:

  • B and C only

  • A and B only

  • B only

  • NOTA

Explanation

Question 79 of 100

1

The most important monosaccharides found in plants

Select one of the following:

  • hexoses

  • pentoses

  • heptoses

  • octoses

Explanation

Question 80 of 100

1

Which of the following is a source of sucrose?

Select one of the following:

  • Acer saccharum

  • Bos taurus

  • Prunus cerasus

  • Sorbus aucuparia

Explanation

Question 81 of 100

1

Which of the following statements is/are true?

Select one of the following:

  • Dextrose is a-(L)-glucopyranose

  • Dextrose is obtained from controlled enzymatic hydrolysis of starch

  • Dextrose can only be given PO and IV

  • AOTA

Explanation

Question 82 of 100

1

This is a product obtained from the incomplete hydrolysis of starch. It is a colorless or yellowish, thick syrupy liquid that is nearly odorless and tastes sweet.

Select one of the following:

  • liquid dextrose

  • liquid sucrose

  • liquid dextrin

  • liquid glucose

Explanation

Question 83 of 100

1

Which of the following pairs is correct?

Select one of the following:

  • Ferrous gluconate - hematinic

  • Xylose-laxative

  • Lactulose-diagnostic aid

  • AOTA

Explanation

Question 84 of 100

1

Which of the following statements refers to fructose?
A) from honey
B) obtained from the inversion of aqueous solutions of sucrose
C) upon hydrolysis, sucrose yields a higher fructose than dextrose content

Select one of the following:

  • A and B only

  • B and C only

  • C only

  • B only

Explanation

Question 85 of 100

1

In milk processing, the liquid separated from coagulum is known as

Select one of the following:

  • condensed milk

  • butter

  • buttermilk

  • whey

Explanation

Question 86 of 100

1

This is a pentose also known as wood sugar, which is obtained by boiling corn cobs, straw, or similar materials with dilute acid to hydrolyze the polymer.

Select one of the following:

  • ribose

  • xylose

  • erythrose

  • trehalose

Explanation

Question 87 of 100

1

Which of the following statements concerning lactulose is true?

Select one of the following:

  • Natural sugar prepared by acidic rearrangement of lactose

  • Trisaccharide

  • Well absorbed

  • Bacteria in the colon metabolize it to acetic acid and lactic acid

Explanation

Question 88 of 100

1

Xylose is used as a /an

Select one of the following:

  • diuretic

  • pharmaceutical excipient

  • binder

  • diagnostic aid

Explanation

Question 89 of 100

1

In glycolysis, what enzyme is involved in the conversion of 3 phosphoglyceraldehyde to 1,3-Bisphosphoglyceric acid?

Select one of the following:

  • kinase

  • aldolase

  • dehydrogenase

  • isomerase

Explanation

Question 90 of 100

1

Aside from thiamine pyrophosphate, what coenzyme/cofactor aids in the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid with pyruvic acid dehydrogenase?

Select one of the following:

  • NAD

  • Lipoic Acid

  • FAD

  • Mg

Explanation

Question 91 of 100

1

Glucose-6-PO, is converted to ____ upon the action of phosphohexose isomerase.

Select one of the following:

  • Glucose-1-Phosphate

  • Fructose-6-Phosphate

  • Fructose-1.6-Diphosphate

  • Dihydroxyacetone phosphate

Explanation

Question 92 of 100

1

Pyruvic acid, upon the action of pyruvic acid decarboxylase yields ____

Select one of the following:

  • ethanol

  • lactic acid

  • methanol

  • acetaldehyde

Explanation

Question 93 of 100

1

Alcohol dehydrogenase acts on acetaldehyde to yield ____

Select one of the following:

  • lactic acid

  • pyruvic acid

  • ethanol

  • AOTA

Explanation

Question 94 of 100

1

Which tricarboxylic acid was first isolated by scheele in 1784

Select one of the following:

  • citric acid

  • Tartaric acid

  • lactic acid

  • fumaric acid

Explanation

Question 95 of 100

1

This acid is a byproduct of wine

Select one of the following:

  • citric acid

  • tartaric acid

  • lactic acid

  • fumaric acid

Explanation

Question 96 of 100

1

This acid used as an acidulant especially in feeding formulas

Select one of the following:

  • Citric acid

  • tartaric acid

  • lactic acid

  • fumaric acid

Explanation

Question 97 of 100

1

Which of the following may be produced from the process of distillation?

Select one of the following:

  • whiskey

  • rum

  • brandy

  • AOTA

Explanation

Question 98 of 100

1

Which of the following statement/s is/are true?

Select one of the following:

  • Wine is sometimes used medically as a mild stimulant and tonic

  • Brandy is used as CNS stimulant

  • Whiskey is used as CNS stimulant

  • AOTA

Explanation

Question 99 of 100

1

Which of the following is obtained from Fraxinus ornus I. (Fam. Oleaceae), and is used for its laxative properties?

Select one of the following:

  • glucitol

  • mannitol

  • Sorbitol

  • Lactose

Explanation

Question 100 of 100

1

What is the usual diagnostic dose of mannitol injection?

Select one of the following:

  • 200 mg/kg body weight in a 15-25% solution IV in 3-5 minutes

  • 50-100g daily in a 5-25% solution by IV infusion

  • 200 g/kg body weight in a 15-25% solution in 3-5 minutes

  • 50-100 kg daily in a 5-25% solution by IV infusion

Explanation

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