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AA metabolism questions and blood coagulation

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MCB III

MCB III

Question 1 of 22

1

Platelets - all of the following are true

Select one of the following:

  • Alpha granules contain Fibrinogen and VWF, and dense granules contain ADP and serotonin

  • Aspirin is a weak platelet inhibitor

  • Platelet glycoprotein GP1b adheres to VWF at the exposed sub endothelial tissue

  • None of the above are true about platelet

Explanation

Question 2 of 22

1

VWF deficiency

Select one of the following:

  • Type I most common - decreased amount of VWF

  • Type II - normal amounts but abnormal intracellular transport or abnormal binding

  • Type III - Severe deficiency of the factor

  • Least common inherited bleeding disorder

Explanation

Question 3 of 22

1

Platelet aggregation is mediated by binding of GPIIb /IIIa with fibrinogen - this process is inhibited by Plavix

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 22

1

Regarding blood clotting

Select one of the following:

  • Blood clotting proteases are homologous to digestive enzyme chymotrypsin, all belonging to the class of cysteine proteases

  • Calcium ions form connection between the carboxylated glutamate of the clotting factors and the negatively charged surface of the platelet

  • Vitamin K is required for carboxylation of glutamate residues

  • Warfarin is a Vitamin K Antagonist whereas Heparin stimulated anti thrombin

Explanation

Question 5 of 22

1

Thrombin

Select one of the following:

  • Formed by the activation of Prothrombin via Xa:Va

  • Thrombin with thrombomodulin activates protein C which binds with protein S and inactivated Va and VIIIa

  • Factor Leiden is a point mutation in Fibrinogen

  • Thrombin in turn activates fibrinogen to fibrin

Explanation

Question 6 of 22

1

All of the following are true statements except

Select one of the following:

  • Antithrombin is a serpin (serine protease inhibitor) which irreversibly inactivates serine protease - stimulated by heparin

  • Firbinolysis removes clots during wound healing

  • tPA and uPA promote clot formation

  • anti thrombin's main targets Xa and Thrombin

Explanation

Question 7 of 22

1

All of the following about DIT (Diet Induced Thermogenesis) from protein are true except?

Select one of the following:

  • Na linked AA transport

  • AA supported gluconeogenesis

  • Salvage/recycling of purines

  • Detoxification of ammonia via Urea cycles

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 8 of 22

1

All AA are absorbed via Na linked cotransport except Branched chain and aromatic AA

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 9 of 22

1

1st step in AA Catabolism

Select one of the following:

  • Transamination (PLP co factor)

  • Oxidative Deamination (NAD cofactor)

  • Both of the above

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 10 of 22

1

Glutamate is the only AA that can accept free ammonia via glutamine synthetase

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 22

1

Catabolism of BCAA is predominantly in the liver

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 22

1

Glucose-Alanine cycle consist of

Select one of the following:

  • Removal of amino group from alanine

  • Removed amino group is collected as glutamate

  • Alanine in the liver is converted to pyruvate

  • Pyruvate is converted into Acetyl CoA

Explanation

Question 13 of 22

1

The toxicity of ammonia is due to pH changes in osmotic gradients

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 22

1

Treat urea cycle failure patients with benzoate,phenylacetate or phenybutyrate

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 15 of 22

1

Histidine degradation

Select one of the following:

  • Results in Proline production

  • Deficiency of formimino transferase results in accumulation of FIGLU in the urine

  • Histidinemia is most prevalent inborn error in Japan

  • Irreversible

Explanation

Question 16 of 22

1

Methionine degradation

Select one of the following:

  • Results in SAM

  • SAM degraded into Homocysteine

  • Homocysteine further degraded into Cystathione which breaks into cysteine and alpha ketobutyrate

  • Homocysteine is methylated back to Methionine and uses both B9 and B12 as cofactors

  • Carbon skeleton for cysteine comes from Methionine and SH group from serine

Explanation

Question 17 of 22

1

Cysteine degrades into taurine

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 18 of 22

1

Lysine is important in the synthesis of carnitine and it is also ketogenic

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 22

1

Tryptophan degradation

Select one of the following:

  • Results in Alanine - gluconeogenic

  • Acetoacetate - Ketogenic

  • Pyridoxine - Vitamin B synthesis

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 20 of 22

1

The only AA created by reductive amination is glutamate

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 21 of 22

1

The only AA disorder due to defective Lysosomal transporter is Cystinosis

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 22 of 22

1

Heme synthesis

Select one of the following:

  • Heme allosterically inhibits ALA synthase in Bone marrow

  • Succinly CoA, Glycine and Iron are the essential components of heme

  • Lead inhibits ALA dehydratase and Ferrochelatase

  • All of the above are correct

Explanation

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