Ifeoma Okekearu
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KUSOP Pharmacology III "Sample Questions"

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Ifeoma Okekearu
Created by Ifeoma Okekearu over 8 years ago
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Neuro Pharmacology - Depression and Anxiety

Question 1 of 15

1

Activation of the thalamus can activate the innate fear pathway. Without the collaboration of the prefrontal cortex, this activation can lead to fear manifestations without a source.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 2 of 15

1

Which of the following statements about the manifestation of anxiety/fear symptoms is not true?

Select one of the following:

  • Lesions of the medical prefrontal cortex increases the risk for anxiety.

  • Inhibition of the orbitofrontal cortex leads to the hyperactivity of the amygdala in the presence of a potential threat which produces fear responses.

  • In the innate fear response, the thalamus is activated by the amygdala with sequential prefrontal cortex activation leading to the fear manifestation.

  • The amygdala mediates key functions in the processing of fear and threat-related information.

Explanation

Question 3 of 15

1

Select all of the options that are effective in the treatment of anxiety disorder

Select one or more of the following:

  • Relaxation Training

  • Systematic Desensitization

  • Group Therapy

  • Pharmacotherapy

Explanation

Question 4 of 15

1

Select the statements about the tuberomamillary nucleus that are true

Select one or more of the following:

  • It is inhibited by GABA from the ventrolateral pre optic area.

  • It is activated by glutamate

  • It is inhibited by orexin

  • Histamine promotes calm wakefulness through H2 receptors

Explanation

Question 5 of 15

1

Where to benzodiazepines bind and what is their mechanism of action?

Select one of the following:

  • They bind to a niche between the α and γ subunits of the GABAa receptors behaving as GABA agonist

  • They bing to the niche between the α and γ subunits of the GABAb receptors acting as a positive allosteric modulator

  • They bind to a niche between the α and γ subunits of the GABAa receptors behaving as positive allosteric modulators

  • They bing to the niche between the α and γ subunits of the GABAb receptors acting as a GABA agonist

Explanation

Question 6 of 15

1

Positive modulation of the GABAa receptors of the amygdala will produce a hypnotic effect

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 7 of 15

1

Flumenazil is a GABA antaagonist

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 15

1

Which anti-xiolitic(s) would be a good choice for an elderly patient?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Lorazepam

  • Temazepam

  • Diazepam

  • Chlordiazepoxide

Explanation

Question 9 of 15

1

Drugs binding to α1, α2, α3, α5, and γ subunits of the GABAa synaptic receptor mediate phasic inhibition triggered by peak concentrations of GABA predisposing users to dependence.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 15

1

What is the recommended rate of reduction for people wanting to discontinue the use of benzodiazepines?

Select one of the following:

  • Stop immediately and drink a lot of water

  • Flumenazil injections over the course of 5-7 days

  • Decrease by 10 percent each day

  • None of the above responses are correct

Explanation

Question 11 of 15

1

Barbiturates produce an anti-xiolitic effect by binding to the β subunit of the GABA-a receptor. At high concentrations, they can mimic GABA and directly activate chloride channels.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 15

1

Overdose of barbiturates can lead to death due to respiratory and cardiac depression and the lack of an effective antagonist.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 15

1

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors are Indicated for use with Barbiturates because they shorten the length of action, decreasing side effects.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 15

1

What statement below is accurate regarding the changes the amounts of BDNF in the brain of depressed patients?

Select one of the following:

  • There is an INCREASE in the amount of BDNF in the Hippocampus and a DECREASE in the amount of BDNF in the Nucleus Accumbens

  • There is an INCREASE in the amount of BDNF in BOTH the Hippocampus and the Nucleus Accumbens.

  • There is a DECREASE in the amount of BDNF in BOTH the Hippocampus and the Nucleus Accumbens.

  • There is a DECREASE in the amount of BDNF in the Hippocampus and an INCREASE in the amount of BDNF in the Nucleus Accumbens.

Explanation

Question 15 of 15

1

Which class of anti-depressants cause the "Cheese Effect"

Select one of the following:

  • MAOIs

  • SSRIs

  • NMDA Blockers

  • SNRIs

Explanation