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blood flows from the lungs to the left atrium via the
blood flows from left atrium to the left ventricle via the
blood flows from the left ventricle to the aorta via the
blood flows from the aorta to the
blood flows from the tissues to the
blood flows from the vena cava to the
blood flows from the right atrium to the _______ ventricle through the ______ valve
blood flows from right ventricle to the
blood flows from the pulmonary artery to the _________ for oxygenation
arteriography of a patient's left renal artery shows a narrowing of the radius of the artery by 50%. What is the expected change in blood flow through the stenotic artery
When a person moves from supine position to a standing position what compensatory changes occurs?
At which site is the systolic blood pressure the highest
A person's ECG has no P wave but has normal QRS complex and a normal T wave. Therefore his pacemaker is located in the
If the ejection fraction increases there will be a decrease in
An electrocardiogram on a person shows ventricular extrasystole. The extrasystole beat would produce
An electrocardiogram on a person shows ventricular extrasystole. The next normal ventricular contraction that occurs after the extrasystole would produce
An increase in contractility is demonstrated on a Frank-Starling diagram by
The tendency for blood flow to be turbulent is increased by
a patient experience orthostatic hypotension after a sympathectomy. The explanation for this occurrence is
The ventricles are completely depolarized during which isoelectric portion of the electrocardiogram
When is pulmonary blood flow greater than aortic blood flow
a person's ECG shows two P waves preceding each QRS complex. The interpret action of this pattern is
an acute decrease in arterial blood pressure elicits what compensatory change
The tendency for edema to occur will be increased by
Inspiration splits the second heart sound
During exercise total peripheral resistance TPR decreases because of the effect of
an increase in arteriolar resistance without a change in any other component of the cardiovascular system will produce
The following measurements were obtained in a male patient
HR: 70bpm
Pulmonary vein O2: .24 O2/ml
Pulmonary artery O2: .16 O2/ml
Whole body O2 consumption: 500 ml/min
What is the patient's cardiac output
An inward Na+ current is the result of an
The greatest pressure decrease in the circulation occurs across the arterioles because
Pulse pressure is
In the SA node phase 4 depolarization/ pacemaker potential is attributable to
Which receptor mediates constriction of arteriolar smooth muscle
during which phase of the cardiac cycle is aortic pressure highest
myocardial contractility is best correlated with the intracellular concentration of
What is an example of the effect of histamine
Carbon dioxide regulates blood flow to what organ
Cardiac output of the right side of the heart is what percentage of the cardiac output of the left side of the heart
The physiologic function of the relatively slow conduction through the AV node is to allow sufficient time for
Blow flow to which organ is controlled primarily by the sympathetic nervous system rather than by local metabolites
What parameter is decreased during moderate exercise
This receptor is blocked when propranolol is administered to reduce cardiac output
during which phase of the cardiac cycle is ventricular volume lowest
what causes an increase in myocardial O2 consumption
What substance crosses capillary walls primarily through water-filled clefts between the endothelial cells
A 24 yo woman presents to the ER department with severe diarrhea. When she is lying supine (lying down) her blood pressure is 90/60 mm Hg ( decreased) and her heart rate further increases to 120bpm. What accounts for further increase in heart rate upon standing
A 60 yo businessman is evaluated by his physician who determines that is bp is significantly elevated at 185/130 mm Hg. Lab tests reveal an increase in plasma renin activity , plasma aldosterone level, and left renal vein renin level. His right renal vein level is decreased. What is the cause for his hypertension
Propranolol has what effect on the heart
Which receptor mediates slowing of the heart
A change in _____ has a negative inotropic effect on the heart
The low-resistance pathways between myocardial cells that allow for the pored of action potentials are the
which agent is released or secreted after a hemorrhage and causes an increase in renal Na+ reabsorption
During which phase of the cardiac cycle does the mitral valve open
