GIT system exam

Question 1 of 43

1

H.pylori causes peptic ulcer in all of the following mechanisms except :

Select one of the following:

Producing urease
Enhancing gastric acid secretion.
Producing phospholipase.
Producing immunogenic proteins.
Non of the above

Explanation

Question 2 of 43

1

Which of the following muscles is responsible for protruding
the tongue?

Select one of the following:

The styloglossus
The hyoglossus
The genioglossus
The palatoglossus
The mylohyoid

Explanation

Question 3 of 43

1

A patient with a duodenal ulcer is treated successfully with the drug cimetidine. The basis for cimetidine’s inhibition of gastric H+ secretion is that it?

Select one of the following:

A) blocks muscarinic receptors on parietal cells
B) blocks H2 receptors on parietal cells
C) increases intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels
D) blocks H+,K+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase)
E) enhances the action of acetylcholine (ACh) on parietal cells

Explanation

Question 4 of 43

1

The following statements concerning the sigmoid colon are correct except which?

Select one of the following:

It is a continuation of the descending colon.
It begins above in front of the left quadratus lumborum muscle
It receives its arterial supply from the inferior mesenteric artery.
It becomes continuous with the rectum in front of the third sacral vertebra.
It is attached to the posterior pelvic wall by the sigmoid mesocolon.

Explanation

Question 5 of 43

1

The following information concerning the sensory innervation of the abdominal peritoneum is correct except which?

Select one of the following:

The peritoneum on the central part of the inferior surface of the diaphragm is supplied by the phrenic nerves.
The peritoneum forming the mesentery of the small intestine is innervated by autonomic nerves.
The peritoneum on the peripheral part of the inferior surface of the diaphragm is supplied by the phrenic nerves.
The peritoneum lining the anterior abdominal wall in the right lower quadrant is supplied by T12 and L1 spinal nerves
The peritoneum lining the lateral wall of the pelvis is supplied by the obturator nerve.

Explanation

Question 6 of 43

1

The jejunum and ileum can be differentiated on the basis of the following anatomic features except which?

Select one of the following:

Numerous (four to five) arterial arcades are associated with the jejunum
The plicae circulares are much more prominent in the jejunum than in the ileum
Fat depositions are generally present throughout the mesentery associated with the ileum.
The jejunum is generally located in the upper left region of the abdominal cavity
Peyer’s patches are characteristic of the lower ileum and may be visible on the surface.

Explanation

Question 7 of 43

1

A 49-year-old woman presents with increasing problems swallowing food (progressive dysphagia). X-ray studies with contrast reveal that she has a markedly dilated
esophagus above the level of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). No lesions are seen within the lumen of the esophagus. Which of the following is the most likely cause of
this disorder?

Select one of the following:

a. Decreased LES resting pressure
b. Absence of myenteric plexus in the body of esophagus
c. Absence of myenteric plexus at the LES
d. Absence of submucosal plexus in the body of esophagus
e. Absence of submucosal plexus at the LES

Explanation

Question 8 of 43

1

Patient presents with increasing “heartburn,” Endoscopic examination finds a red velvety plaque located at the distal esophagus. Biopsies from this area, taken approximately 4 cm proximal to the gastroesophageal junction reveal metaplastic columnar epithelium Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Select one of the following:

Acquired achalasia
Barrett esophagus
Hamartomatous polyp
Metastatic adenocarcinoma
Reflux esophagitis

Explanation

Question 9 of 43

1

A 49-year-old woman taking NSAID, Gastroscopy reveals multiple, scattered, punctate hemorrhagic areas in her gastric mucosa. Biopsies from one of these hemorrhagic lesions reveal mucosal erosions with edema and hemorrhage. No mucosal ulceration is seen. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Select one of the following:

a. Chronic gastritis
b. Acute gastritis
c. Autoimmune gastritis
d. Chronic gastritis
e. Peptic ulcer disease

Explanation

Question 10 of 43

1

Patient presents with increasing gastric pain and is found to have a 3-cm mass located in the anterior wall of his stomach. This mass is resected and histologic examination reveals a tumor composed of cells having elongated, spindle-shaped nuclei. This tumor is usually defined histologically by the expression of which one of the listed markers?

Select one of the following:

CD10 (CALLA)
CD15 (leuM1)
CD30 (Ki-1)
CD95 (Fas)
CD117 (c-KIT)

Explanation

Question 11 of 43

1

A 39-year-old man presents with bloody diarrhea, examination of the patient’s colon reveals a characteristic “string sign.” A colonoscopy reveals the rectum and sigmoid portions of the colon to be unremarkable. A biopsy from the terminal ileum reveals numerous acute and chronic inflammatory cells within the lamina propria. Gross examination of this resected bowel reveals several transmural fistulas are also found. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Select one of the following:

Ulcerative colitis
Lymphocytic colitis
Infectious colitis
Eosinophilic colitis
Crohn disease

Explanation

Question 12 of 43

1

Multiple dark black stones are found within the gallbladder. These stones are composed of which one of the following substances?

Select one of the following:

Bilirubin
Carbon
Cholesterol
Struvite
Urate

Explanation

Question 13 of 43

1

Regarding exocrine pancreatic neoplasms, which of the following is not correct :

Select one of the following:

a- Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms always arise in women
b- benign Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms show significant cytologic & architectural atypia but no tissue invasion
c- a quarter of all pancreatic cystic tumors are Serous Cystadenomas.
d- Mucinous cyst adenomas & intraductal Papillary Mucinous T can be benign, borderline malignant or malignant T.
e- b & d

Explanation

Question 14 of 43

1

All are true regarding michel's diverticulum except

Select one of the following:

Pernicious anemia.
Symptoms like appendicitis
heterotopic islands of functioning gastritis mucosa.
Intestinal bleeding.
Volvulus

Explanation

Question 15 of 43

1

All are causes of acquired megacolon except

Select one of the following:

Chagas disease.
Disruption of migration of neural crest derived cells during development
Organic obstruction
Toxic magacolon of crohn disease.
. A functional psychosomatic disorder

Explanation

Question 16 of 43

1

Hepatitis C is transmitted MAINLY by

Select one of the following:

Fecal -oral route.
By blood.
Insects or fomites
Sexual contact
None of the above

Explanation

Question 17 of 43

1

The disorder that results in the mildest jaundice from the following is:

Select one of the following:

a- Crigler-Najjar syndrome
b- Gilbert syndrome
c- thalassemia
d- physiological in neonates
e- Siderocytosis

Explanation

Question 18 of 43

1

All the following reactions are involved in phase to detoxification in the liver except :

Select one of the following:

a- Sulfation
b- Glucoronidation
c- methylation
d- oxidation
e- c&d

Explanation

Question 19 of 43

1

Which of the following arteries supplies foregut
derivatives of the digestive system?

Select one of the following:

A. Celiac trunk
B. Superior mesenteric artery
C. Inferior mesenteric artery
D. Right umbilical artery
E. Intercostal artery

Explanation

Question 20 of 43

1

Kupffer cells present in the adult liver are derived from: (Embryology)

Select one of the following:

A. mesoderm
B. endoderm
C. ectoderm
D. neuroectoderm
E. neural crest cells

Explanation

Question 21 of 43

1

Which of the following is NOT true regarding oropharynx:

Select one of the following:

A. It is on the level of C2 and C3 vertebra.
B. Communicates with the mouth through the oropharyngeal isthmus.
C. The superior constrictor muscle separates the lateral surface of the palatine tonsil from the facial artery.
D. The lateral walls on each side have the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches

Explanation

Question 22 of 43

1

The nasopharynx ends at the level of.

Select one of the following:

A. Atlas vertebra.
B. C2 vertebra.
C. The lower part of the soft palate.
D. C3 vertebra.
E. None of the above

Explanation

Question 23 of 43

1

All of the following muscles are supplied by hypoglossal nerve (Xll) except:

Select one of the following:

A.Styloglossus
B. Genioglossus.
C. Hyoglossus.
D. Palatoglossus

Explanation

Question 24 of 43

1

One of the of following is an INCORRECT matching:

Select one of the following:

A. Nasopharynx ---- ciliated pseudo stratified columnar epithelium.
B. Oropharynx ---- stratified squamous epithelium.
C. Esophagus ---- keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
D. Gastroesophagel junction ---- non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium.
E. Stomach ---- non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium.

Explanation

Question 25 of 43

1

In cases of mild nausea and vomiting in the 1st 3 months of pregnancy, the drug of choice is :

Select one of the following:

A. Diphenhydramine
B. Meclizine.
C. Promethazine.
D. Nabilone.
E. Pyridoxine.

Explanation

Question 26 of 43

1

A 35-years old patient came to the clinic suffering from severe diarrhea, knowing that the patient has a history of colitis, which of the following anti-diarrheal agentsis/are contraindicated:

Select one of the following:

a. Diphenoxylate
b. Al(OH)3
c. Methylcellulose
d. A+C
e. None of the above

Explanation

Question 27 of 43

1

Black tongue is a finding that can be seen in a patient treated with:

Select one of the following:

a. Methylcellulose
b. Bismuth subsalicylate
c. Nizatidine
d. Diphenoxylate
e. Loperamide

Explanation

Question 28 of 43

1

Which of the following agents are contraindicated in pregnancy:

Select one of the following:

a. Misoprostol
b. Castor oil
c. Methyl cellulose
d. A+b
e. A+c

Explanation

Question 29 of 43

1

All of the following can be involved in the treatment of GERD, except:

Select one of the following:

a. Dexlansoprazole
b. Cimetidine
c. Clarithromycin
d. Misoprostol
e. None of the above

Explanation

Question 30 of 43

1

Which of the following is preferentially used for the treatment and the prevention of NSAIDs-induced ulcers?

Select one of the following:

a. Nizatidine
b. Lansoprazole
c. Misoprostol
d. Metronidazole
e. All of the above

Explanation

Question 31 of 43

1

For a patient with opioid-induced constipation, the best drug of choice is:

Select one of the following:

a. Calcium docusate
b. Nizatidine
c. Senna
d. A+c
e. All of the above

Explanation

Question 32 of 43

1

Vitamin B12 deficiency is a risk in patients treated with:

Select one of the following:

a. Cimetidine
b. Omeprazole
c. Lactulose
d. A+b
e. All of the above

Explanation

Question 33 of 43

1

. Which of the following can be used in preparation for colonoscopy:

Select one of the following:

a. Misoprostol
b. Calcium carbonate
c. PEG laxatives
d. B+C
e. None of the above

Explanation

Question 34 of 43

1

. A 35-years old woman suffering from electrolytes insufficiency, after investigations, no causative illness has been identified, which of the following agents is it predicted for the woman to take:

Select one of the following:

a. Bisacodyl
b. Misoprostol
c. Magnesium hydroxide
d. Calcium carbonate
e. Lansoprazole

Explanation

Question 35 of 43

1

All of the following are osmotic laxatives, except:

Select one of the following:

a. PEG laxative
b. Lactulose
c. Magnesium citrate
d. Sodium phosphate
e. Calcium carbonate

Explanation

Question 36 of 43

1

All of the following are absorbed in small intestine by Na co-transporter except:

Select one of the following:

A. amino acids
B. glucose
C. fatty acid
D. dipeptides
E. More than one of the above

Explanation

Question 37 of 43

1

One of the following is characteristic of slow waves:

Select one of the following:

A. They are affected by neurons and hormones
B. can change their frequecy
C. same frequency all along the GIT
D. determine the maximum frequency of contraction

Explanation

Question 38 of 43

1

Retching happens when:

Select one of the following:

A. lower esophageal sphincter is closed
B. upper esophageal sphincter is closed
C. upper and lower esophageal sphincters are closed
D. pyloric sphincter is closed

Explanation

Question 39 of 43

1

Dyskinesia is a side effect for one of these drugs :

Select one of the following:

A. Lubiorostone
B. PPI
C. Ondansetron
D. Metoclopramide
E. Hyoscine

Explanation

Question 40 of 43

1

All these agents are used to treat diarrhea except :

Select one of the following:

A. Lorpermide
B. Bismuth subsalicylate
C. Famotidine
D. Methylcellulose
E. Atropine

Explanation

Question 41 of 43

1

The diffirence between Metoclopramide and domperidone is :

Select one of the following:

A. Metoclopramide is D2 receptor antagonists but domperidone is 5-HT3 antagonist
B. Metoclopramide crosses BBB but domperidone cannot
C. domperidone has antiemetic effect but Metoclopramide doesn't
D. domperidone crosses BBB but Metoclopramide cannot
E. there is no difference between them

Explanation

Question 42 of 43

1

One of these commbination the best effect in prevention (CINV):

Select one of the following:

A. D2 + corticosteroids and NK1 antagonists.
B. corticosteroids and Chlorpromazine
C. Substance P antagonist + 5-HT3antagonists and corticosteroids.
D. droperidol + 5-HT3antagonists and corticosteroids.
E. None of the above

Explanation

Question 43 of 43

1

All of these drugs are used to treat Postoperative Nausea & Vomiting except:

Select one of the following:

A. Dopamine antagonists
B. D2-antagonists
C. 5-HT3antagonists
D. NK1 antagonistsVomiting
E. All of the above

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GIT system exam

GIT system exam

Question 1 of 43

H.pylori causes peptic ulcer in all of the following mechanisms except :

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 43

Which of the following muscles is responsible for protruding the tongue?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 43

A patient with a duodenal ulcer is treated successfully with the drug cimetidine. The basis for cimetidine’s inhibition of gastric H+ secretion is that it?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 43

The following statements concerning the sigmoid colon are correct except which?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 43

The following information concerning the sensory innervation of the abdominal peritoneum is correct except which?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 43

The jejunum and ileum can be differentiated on the basis of the following anatomic features except which?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 43

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 43

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 9 of 43

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 43

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 11 of 43

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 43

Multiple dark black stones are found within the gallbladder. These stones are composed of which one of the following substances?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 43

Regarding exocrine pancreatic neoplasms, which of the following is not correct :

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 43

All are true regarding michel's diverticulum except

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 15 of 43

All are causes of acquired megacolon except

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 16 of 43

Hepatitis C is transmitted MAINLY by

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 43

The disorder that results in the mildest jaundice from the following is:

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 43

All the following reactions are involved in phase to detoxification in the liver except :

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 43

Which of the following arteries supplies foregut derivatives of the digestive system?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 20 of 43

Kupffer cells present in the adult liver are derived from: (Embryology)

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 21 of 43

Which of the following is NOT true regarding oropharynx:

Which of the following muscles is responsible for protruding
the tongue?

Which of the following arteries supplies foregut
derivatives of the digestive system?