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Arthrology, Myology Part 2

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Arthrology, Myology Part 2(b)- Anatomy PMU 1st Year, 1st Semester

Question 1 of 40

1

The radial nerve

Select one or more of the following:

  • contains fibers derived from only the sixth, seventh and eighth cervical spinal nerves

  • passes in front of the humerus from the medial to the lateral side

  • supplies the muscles on the posterior aspect of the upper arm and forearm

  • supplies sensory branches to the nail beds of the index and middle fingers

  • is the only nerve supplying the triceps muscle.

Explanation

Question 2 of 40

1

The flexor digitorum profundus muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • has an attachment to the ulna and not the radius

  • is supplied only by the ulnar nerve

  • can flex the distal, middle and proximal phalanges of the hand

  • is deep to the flexor digitorum superficialis (sublimis) muscle and tendons along its whole course

  • has only three of the four lumbrical muscles attached to its tendons in the hand

Explanation

Question 3 of 40

1

If the ulnar nerve is cut at the elbow

Select one or more of the following:

  • part of the flexor digitorum superficialis (sublimis) is paralysed

  • there is a loss of sensation in the back of the index finger

  • flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joints of the ring and little finger is lost if their interphalarlgeal joints are kept extended

  • the distal phalanges of all the fingers are extended at the distal interphalangeal joints

  • the movement of opposition of the thumb is usually lost

Explanation

Question 4 of 40

1

If the median nerve is cut at the wrist

Select one or more of the following:

  • sensation in the skin over the hack of the whole of the index finger is lost

  • adduction of the thumb is lost

  • the movement of opposition of the thumb is usually lost

  • flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb is impossible

  • extension at the interphalangeal joints of the index finger is lost

Explanation

Question 5 of 40

1

With regard to movements of the medial four digits

Select one or more of the following:

  • movement of the index finger in a radial direction is due to the first dorsal interosseous muscle

  • flexion at the distal interphalangeal joints of all the digits is lost if the ulnar nerve is cut at the elbow

  • flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joints while there is extension at the interphalangeal joints is due to the lumbrical muscles

  • movement of the ring finger in a radial direction is due to the third dorsal interosseous muscle

  • extension at the metacarpophalangeal joints is effected by the dorsal interosseous muscles

Explanation

Question 6 of 40

1

The palmar aponeurosis

Select one or more of the following:

  • is attached to the skin of the palm by fibrous septa

  • is attached distally to the fibrous flexor sheaths

  • protects the underlying tendons

  • receives tendon of palmaris longus

  • apex is attached to flexor retinaculum

Explanation

Question 7 of 40

1

The ulnar nerve

Select one or more of the following:

  • supplies the adductor pollicis muscle

  • lies medial to the hook of the hamate

  • supplies all the interossei muscles

  • is deep to the flexor retinaculum

  • contains fibers from only the first thoracic spinal nerve

Explanation

Question 8 of 40

1

If the median nerve is cut at the level of the elbow joint

Select one or more of the following:

  • there is a loss of sensation in the tips of all the fingers

  • there is usually a loss of opposition of the thumb

  • there is a complete loss of flexion at the wrist

  • there is a loss of adduction of the thumb

  • there is a loss of flexion at the interphalangeal joint of the thumb

Explanation

Question 9 of 40

1

If the radial nerve is cut in the axilla

Select one or more of the following:

  • the hand cannot be extended at the wrist

  • there is widespread sensory loss over the back of the forearm

  • the fingers cannot be extended at the metacarpophalangeal joints

  • the flexed forearm cannot be actively extended at the elbow

  • the forearm cannot be pronated

Explanation

Question 10 of 40

1

The median nerve

Select one or more of the following:

  • arises by two roots, one from the lateral cord and the other from the medial cord of the brachial plexus

  • does not contain fibers originating in the first thoracic spinal nerve

  • lies medial to the axillary artery in the axilla

  • supplies all the flexor muscles in the front of the forearm

  • is commonly the motor nerve to the abductor pollicis brevis muscle

Explanation

Question 11 of 40

1

In the hand

Select one or more of the following:

  • the superficial palmar arch is deep to the branches of the median nerve

  • the second palmar interosseous muscle is attached to the third metacarpal bone

  • the second dorsal interosseous muscle pulls the middle finger in a radial direction

  • the four dorsal interossei muscles are supplied by the radial nerve

  • the deep palmar arch is formed mainly by the radial artery

Explanation

Question 12 of 40

1

The radius

Select one or more of the following:

  • has its growing end proximally

  • has the tendon of the biceps muscle attached to the whole of the radial tuberosity

  • has the pronator teres muscle attached to its lateral border

  • has the extensor pollicis longus muscle attached to it

  • has the tendon of the abductor pollicis longus muscle on the lateral side of its styloid process

Explanation

Question 13 of 40

1

The flexor digitorum superlicialis (sublimis) muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • has attachments to the humerus, radius and ulna

  • has only two tendons just above the flexor retinaculum

  • is supplied only by the median nerve

  • is attached to the base of the middle phalanx of the medial four digits

  • is superficial to the ulnar artery in the upper part of the forearm

Explanation

Question 14 of 40

1

The ulnar nerve

Select one or more of the following:

  • is deep to the triceps muscle in part of its course

  • is posterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus

  • arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus

  • is medial to the ulnar artery in the forearm

  • contains fibers which supply the skin of the medial part of the front of the palm of the hand

Explanation

Question 15 of 40

1

The median nerve

Select one or more of the following:

  • is lateral to the axillary vein in the with

  • crosses in front of the brachial artery from the medial to the lateral side in the upper arm

  • gives a branch to the elbow joint

  • is lateral to the tendon of the biceps brachii muscle in the cubital fossa

  • is superficial to the flexor retinaculum

Explanation

Question 16 of 40

1

The ulna

Select one or more of the following:

  • has the flexor digitorum profundus muscle attached to its anterior surface

  • has the flexor digitorum superficialis (sublimis) muscle attached to the medial side of its coronoid process

  • may have the flexor pollicis longus muscle attached to it

  • has the abductor pollicis longus muscle attached to its posterior surface

  • has the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle attached to it

Explanation

Question 17 of 40

1

The great (long) saphenous vein

Select one or more of the following:

  • is anterior to the lateral malleolus

  • is anterior to the saphenous nerve in the leg

  • has no valves in its course in the leg

  • is connected to the deep veins of the lower limb by channels which have no valves

  • after passing through the saphenous opening receives the superficial epigastric and external pudendal veins

  • none of these

Explanation

Question 18 of 40

1

The semimembranosus muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • is a flexor of the leg at the knee

  • forms the upper medial boundary of the popliteal fossa

  • is innervated by the medial popliteal (tibial) part of the sciatic nerve

  • forms the oblique popliteal ligament of the knee joint

  • has deep to its tibial attachment a bursa which never communicates with the knee joint

Explanation

Question 19 of 40

1

The longitudinal plantar (tarsal) arch is supported and maintained by the

Select one or more of the following:

  • tibialis anterior muscle

  • peroneus longus muscle

  • tibialis posterior muscle

  • calcaneouavicular ligament

  • popliteus muscle

Explanation

Question 20 of 40

1

The peroneus longus muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • is paralyzed if the sciatic nerve is cut

  • is an evertor of the foot

  • is attached to the fifth metatarsal bone

  • is an important muscle in maintaining the transverse arch of the foot

  • is attached to the medial surface of the fibula

Explanation

Question 21 of 40

1

With regard to the tibia

Select one or more of the following:

  • the flexor hallucis longus muscle is attached to its posterior surface

  • the extensor hallucis longus muscle is attached to its anterolateral surface

  • its articulations with the fibula are both synovial

  • none of these

Explanation

Question 22 of 40

1

The soleus muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • is attached to only the soleal line ofthe tibia

  • is active while walking upstairs

  • is active while walking downstairs

  • has a tendon which begins at a higher level than that of the gastrocnemius muscle

  • is a plantar flexor of the foot at the ankle joint

Explanation

Question 23 of 40

1

The calcaneus

Select one or more of the following:

  • has the tendo calcaneus (Achillis) attached to the middle of its posterior surface

  • has the tendon of flexor hallucis longus passing inferior to the sustentaculum tali

  • has the flexor digitorum accessorius muscle attached to its inferior and medial surfaces

  • has the long plantar ligament attached to its inferior surface

  • has the inferior extensor retinaculum attached to its upper surface anteriorly

Explanation

Question 24 of 40

1

The common peroneal nerve (or its branches)

Select one or more of the following:

  • innervates the skin between the third and fourth toes

  • innervates the knee joint

  • innervates the peroneus tertius muscle

  • innervates all the muscles producing inversion of the foot

  • innervates all the muscles producing evasion of the foot

Explanation

Question 25 of 40

1

Fibers of the fourth lumbar spinal nerve

Select one or more of the following:

  • supply skin on the medial side of the leg

  • are found in the inferior gluteal nerve

  • are found in the femoral nerve

  • are found in the tibial nerve

  • are found in the common peroneal nerve.

Explanation

Question 26 of 40

1

The superficial peroneal nerve supplies

Select one or more of the following:

  • peroneus Iongus and brevis

  • peroneus tertius

  • tibialis anterior

  • extensor digitorum longus

  • flexor digitorum longus

Explanation

Question 27 of 40

1

The great (long) saphenous vein

Select one or more of the following:

  • begins on the medial side of the ankle

  • is anterior to the tibial (medial) malleolus

  • is anterior to the medial femoral condyle

  • receives the termination of the small (short) saphenous vein

  • has no connexions with the deep veins of the leg

Explanation

Question 28 of 40

1

The semimembranosus muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • has a common origin from the ischial tuberosity with the semitendinosus

  • is deep to the semitendinosus muscle

  • can act as a lateral rotator of the leg on the thigh

  • is an extensor of the thigh on the trunk

  • is innervated by the common peroneal (lateral popliteal) nerve

Explanation

Question 29 of 40

1

The tibialis anterior muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • is a dorsiflexor of the foot at the ankle joint

  • is active during the whole of the stance phase of the step in walking

  • is attached to the navicular bone

  • helps to maintain the medial longitudinal arch

  • is innervated by the deep pertinent (anterior tibial) nerve

Explanation

Question 30 of 40

1

The medial plantar nerve

Select one or more of the following:

  • has cutaneous branches which supply the media! three and a half toes

  • arises from the tibial (pusterior tibial) nerve deep to the flexor retinaculum

  • innervates the abductor hallucis muscle

  • intervates the flexor digitorum brevis muscle

  • innervates the medial two plantar interossei muscles

Explanation

Question 31 of 40

1

If the common peroneal (lateral popliteal) nerve is cut

Select one or more of the following:

  • aversion of the foot is lost

  • inversion of the foot is lost

  • dorsiflexion of the foot is lost

  • plantar flexion of the foot is lost

  • there is no loss of cutaneous sensation

Explanation

Question 32 of 40

1

The tibial(medial popliteal) nerve

Select one or more of the following:

  • is superficial to the popliteal vessels in the popliteal fossa

  • is lateral to the popliteal and posterior tibial vessels along the whole of its course down the back of the knee and leg

  • gives off the sural nerve to the medial side of the leg and foot

  • gives branches to the muscles which plantar flex the foot

  • gives branches to the knee and ankle joints

Explanation

Question 33 of 40

1

The flexor hallucis longus muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • is attached to the tibia

  • has a tendon which in the sole is superficial to the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus muscle

  • has a tendon which is medial to the posterior tibial vessels and nerves deep to the flexor retinaculum

  • is attached to the proximal phalanx of the great toe

  • receives a slip from the flexor digitorum accessories muscle

  • none of these

Explanation

Question 34 of 40

1

The tiblalis posterior muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • is attached to both bones of the leg

  • has a tendon which passes deep to the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus muscle

  • is an invertor of the foot

  • is attached by a fibrous slip to the sustentaculum tali

  • has a tendon which lies in a groove on the posterior aspect of the medial malleolus

Explanation

Question 35 of 40

1

The radial nerve:

Select one or more of the following:

  • arises from lateral cord of the brachial plexus

  • supplies brachioradialis

  • divides near the elbow into muscular and cutaneous components

  • innervates most of the dorsal skin of the hand

  • when injured, gives rise to-the condition known as wrist drop

Explanation

Question 36 of 40

1

The ulnar nerve:

Select one or more of the following:

  • arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus

  • supplies skin on medial side of arm and forearm

  • passes behind medial epicondyle of humerus

  • supplies first dorsal interosseous muscle

  • when injured, thenar muscles are wasted

Explanation

Question 37 of 40

1

The median nerve:

Select one or more of the following:

  • arises directly from trunks of the brachial plexus

  • crosses the axillary artery from lateral to medial side

  • enters the forearm through pronator quadratus

  • enters the hand by passing through carpal tunnel

  • when injured gives rise to the condition known as ‘claw hand’

Explanation

Question 38 of 40

1

The carpal tunnel:

Select one or more of the following:

  • is a fibro-osseous tunnel formed by carpal bones and palmar apaneurosis

  • contains the tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis

  • both the radial and ulnar arteries

  • compression of nerve in tunnel causes sensory loss in index finger (palmar surface)

  • contains portion of ulnar bursa

Explanation

Question 39 of 40

1

The palmar aponeurosis:

Select one or more of the following:

  • is attached to the skin of the palm by fibrous septa

  • is attached distally to the fibrous flexor sheaths

  • protects the underlying tendons

  • receives tendon of palmaris longus

  • apex is attached to flexor retinaculum

Explanation

Question 40 of 40

1

If the median nerve is cut at the wrist

Select one or more of the following:

  • sensation in the skin over the back of the whole of the index finger is lost

  • adduction of the thumb is lost

  • the movement of opposition of the thumb is usually lost

  • flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumbs impossible

  • extension at the interphalangeal joints of the index finger is lost

Explanation