Alimentary Flashcards

What are the four main basic processes of the GI tract?

What is the function of the regulatory peptides produced by the GI tract?

What is the purpose of digestion?

How long is the GI tract? What is the advantage of this length?

What secretions in the: mouth, stomach and small intestine assist digestion?

In which part of the GI tract does absorption normally begin:
a) oesophagus
b) stomach
c) small intestine
d) colon

What secretions are produced in the mouth and what are their functions?

What secretions are produced in the stomach and what are their functions? What is the normal pH of the stomach?

What are the secretions in the liver and what are their functions?

Why is it that bicarbonate is able to neutralise HCl?

How much water is absorbed in:
a) the small intestine per day
b) the colon per day

How much secretion is there from each of the following per day and what is the pH?
a) gastric, b) pancreatic, c) bile, d) intestine

How is water absorbed?

What kind of junctions separates cells? What is the function of these junctions?

What changes occur to tight junctions during active absorption?

What are the two main routes of absorption in the GI tract?

True or false? Transcellular movement is passive and occurs via diffusion and convection?

What does diffusion across membranes depend on?

What process influences convection?

How do tight junctions alter permeability in the GI tract?

True or false? Leakiness, permeability and electrical resistance decrease along the tract?

What are the four things that reflexes in the nervous system respond to?

Where does extrinsic nervous supply to the GI tract come from?

Where does intrinsic nervous supply come from and where it is found in the GI tract?

True or false: the myenteric plexus of the enteric nervous system is responsible for sensory function.

Where do short reflexes occur: in the enteric nervous system or the ANS?

What is the function of long reflexes?

What are the 3 phases of GI control?

Name 3 of the endocrine hormones released by the GI tract.

What are the two local hormones (paracrine) that are secreted by the GI tract? Where are they released to?