F322 chains, energy and resources

interpret and use the terms:
(i) empirical formula

interpret and use the terms:
(ii) molecular formula

interpret and use the terms:
(iii) general formula

interpret and use the terms:
(iv) structural formula

intepret and use the terms:
(v) displayed formula

interpret and use the terms:
(vi) skeletal formula

interpret, and use, the terms:
(i) homologous series

interpret, and use, the terms:
(ii) functional group

use the general formula of a homologous series
to predict the formula of any member of the
series

state the names of the first ten members of the
alkanes homologous series

use IUPAC rules of nomenclature for
systematically naming organic compounds

describe and explain the terms:
(i) structural isomers

describe and explain the terms:
(ii) stereoisomers

describe and explain the terms:
(iii) E/Z isomerism

describe and explain in terms:
(iv) cis-trans isomerism

determine the possible structural formulae and/or
stereoisomers of an organic molecule, given its
molecular formula

describe the different types of covalent bond fission

describe a ‘curly arrow’

outline reaction mechanisms, using diagrams, to show clearly the movement of an electron pair with ‘curly arrows’

carry out calculations to determine the percentage yield of a reaction

explain the atom economy of a reaction as:

explain that addition reactions have an atom economy of 100%, whereas substitution reactions are less efficient

describe the benefits of developing chemical processes with a high atom economy in terms of fewer waste materials;

explain that a reaction may have a high percentage yield but a low atom economy

Candidates should be able to:
explain that a hydrocarbon is:

Candidates should be able to:
explain the use of crude oil as

Candidates should be able to:
state that alkanes and cycloalkanes are...

Candidates should be able to:
state and explain the tetrahedral shape around each carbon atom in alkanes

explain, in terms of van der Waals’ forces, the variations in the boiling points of alkanes with different carbon-chain length and branching