Theories

delusions as explanation
delusion as bias in reasoning
attributional bias - hallucinations
delusions as deficits in meta representation
Maher 1994
criticisms of Maher
delusional individuals suffer primarily from sensory/perceptual anomalies which they then seek to explain
anomalous experience is necessary and sufficient to account for formation of delusions
Two stage model
little evidence to show deficit in reasoning
delusions not necessarily associated with anomalous perception
Garety - reasoning processes not entirely intact
Langdon + Coltheart 2000
experiences are often insufficient to warrant a delusional explanation - why not accept a more realistic alternative?
Slade and Bentall 1988
Bell 2008
don't need pathological levels of anomalous perception for delusion to occur
perceptual distortion is necessary for bizarre form of delusion in patients, but cognitive biases contribute to content (not necessary or sufficient to account for delusion)
Chapman 1988
Garety 1994
Jump to conclusion bias
deluded people are able to use information correctly when given it but request less info and don't need much to reach a conclusion
failure to generate alternatives
Tolerance for ambiguity
cognitive slippage
delusions are unlikely to have a single common cause
based on an error of probabilistic reasoning or where people do not seek sufficient evidence before they jump to conclusions, a data gathering bias
JTC bias and a continuum of delusional belief
been replicated
delusioners may fail to generate realistic interpretations
alternative explanations not adopted because...
inhibited by JTC bias?
Freeman 2004
association between belief conviction and failure to generate alternatives
absence of awareness and knowledge of internal anomalous experiences contributes to the generation of externalised delusional explanations
not obvious - magic
reasoning biases prevent their generation
content may be more confusing or more distressing
over reliance to resort to black and white solutions
Budner 1962
Kienan 1998 - associated with magical thinking
Houran 1998 - linked to belief in paranormal
intolerance for ambiguity increases tendency to perceive ambiguous stimuli as threatening
Bentall 2001 - externalising bias (due to circumstances) and personalising bias (blame others) important for persecutory delusions
deluded make excessive external personal attributions which defend against negative beliefs about the self
Frith 1987
Frith 1992

	Created by bxh158 almost 10 years ago

	Copied to Note by bxh158 almost 10 years ago

University Lying Brain Note on Delusions - created from Mind Map, created by bxh158 on 05/25/2014.

Delusions - created from Mind Map