MCAT Biology II (Viruses, Bacteria & Archaea) Flashcards on Viruses, Bacteria & Archaea, created by Gerard Jitechian on 06/08/2014.
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Created by Gerard Jitechian
over 11 years ago
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Virus
What is the major limitation of a virus?
Why can't viruses reproduce on their own?
Are viruses cells?
What kind of genome do viruses have?
What surrounds a virus?
Where do viral protein coats come from?
What kind of microscope is needed to see a virus?
What do viral protein coats facilitate?
Three factors of virus classification
What, specifically, do viruses rely once inside host cells?
Bacteriophage
What targeting mechanism do bacteriophages use?
Lytic cycle (5 stages)
Lysogenic cycle
prophage
Why are the Lytic & Lysogenic Cycles important in the field of medicine?
Retroviruses
a key enzyme in retroviruses
cDNA
retrovirus action pathway
What cells does HIV infect?
helper T-cell
integrase
What allows viruses to jump from one species to another?
What is the major drawback of anti-viral medications?
How do anti-viral medications target infected cells?
Viroid
Prions
What do prions lack?
What tissues do prions affect?
Are prion diseases treatable?
Prokaryote
Peptidoglycan
plasmid
How do prokaryotes reproduce?
Conjugation
Transformation
Transduction
Bacterial Growth Curve
lag phase
factor contributing to length of lag phase
exponential phase (log phase)
What factors affect the duration of exponential phase (aka generation)?
stationary phase
death phase
Obligate aerobes
Obligate anaerobes
Facultative anaerobes
Mesophiles
Thermophiles
Psychrophiles
Extremophiles
What important enzyme is derived from extremophiles?
Halophiles
Gram stain procedure
Gram-positive bacteria
Gram-negative bacteria
Three bacterial classes based on shape
spirilli
bacilli
cocci
Cyanobacteria
lichen
Archaea
Chemoautotroph
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
ENDOTOXIN
