16951331
| Question | Answer |
| What did Hitler hope his foreign policy would achieve? [4] | e.g. ‘Hitler hoped to destroy the Treaty of Versailles.’ ‘Hitler hoped to create a Greater Germany.’ ‘Hitler hoped to bring all German speaking people into his Reich.’ ‘Hitler hoped to destroy communism.’ ‘Hitler wanted to gain Lebensraum (living space).’ ‘Hitler hoped to control a central European empire.’ |
| Why did Britain not act to stop Hitler breaking the Treaty of Versailles? [6] | Exp 1: e.g. Attitudes towards Versailles - ‘Many British politicians thought the Treaty of Versailles had been far too harsh on Germany, and that Hitler was only addressing genuine grievances when he broke the terms of the Treaty. (e.g remilitarisation of the Rhineland) Exp 2: Britain following Appeasement - wanted to avoid war (legacy of WWI) & Britain not 'ready' for war. (develop) |
| Describe the crisis over Austria in 1934. [4] | e.g. ‘In 1934, Hitler attempted to take over Austria.’ ‘Germany failed in its attempt to unify Germany with Austria.’ ‘He used the Austrian Nazi Party to stir up discontent in the country.’ ‘The Nazi Party put pressure on the Austrian Chancellor, the Austrian Nazi Party assassinated Dollfuss.’ ‘Mussolini stopped Hitler from taking over Austria.’ ‘ Germany on his border.’ ‘Mussolini sent 100 000 troops to the Austrian frontier.’ ‘Hitler was surprised at Mussolini’s actions.’ ‘Hitler denied all knowledge of the assassination of Dollfuss.’ |
| Why was Hitler able to re-militarise the Rhineland in 1936? [6] | Expl 1: Because - The French were not prepared to act. They were weak militarily, were suffering from the depression and political turmoil (Elections) Expl 2: The British would not support the French. They believed he was only going into his 'own backyard'. It did not constitute a major threat. The ToV had been too harsh - remilitarising the Rhineland was not an unreasonable adjustment. |
| What happened in relation to the Sudetenland during 1938 which raised tensions in Europe? [4] | Hitler wanted the Sudetenland (Gross Deutschland) / Chamberlain made 3 visits Hitler increased his demands / Final agreement at Munich - to avoid war (Hitler given the Sudetenland) / Czechs not invited! |
| Why was Hitler’s invasion of Czechoslovakia in March 1939 significant? [6] NB. Not to be confused with Munich Agreement | Expl 1: Until This invasion - HItler's demands could be 'justified' on the basis of self-determination. This was different, it was a blatant 'land grab'. Expl 2: It altered Britain's position - Appeasement was discredited and now public opinion was behind a 'war'. It lead to Britain's promise to protect Poland. |
| What were the consequences of the Spanish Civil War for peace in Europe? [4] | ‘Hitler tested his armed forces in conflict.’ ‘The Luftwaffe had practised and perfected dive-bombing techniques.’ ‘This could be considered a dress rehearsal for a full-scale European war.’ ‘Hitler succeeded in persuading Mussolini to abandon Britain and France.’ ‘Mussolini and Hitler formed the ‘Rome-Berlin Axis’.’ The war distracted diplomats and officials from the affairs of central Europe.’ ‘During this time, Hitler was able to take successful action over Austria and Czechoslovakia.’ ‘Britain and France started to rearm.’ ‘The League of Nations was again shown to be ineffective.’ |
| Why did Hitler take Germany out of the League of Nations in 1933? [6] | Expl 1: He had no intention of working within the framework of the League - the idea of collective security would hinder his ambitions for Germany (Make Germany Great again etc) Expl 2: He used it as an excuse to 'prove' Germany was not being treated fairly'. Linked to the disarmament conference where France would not reduce their level of armaments. |
| Describe what happened in Guernica in April 1937. [4] | e.g. ‘Guernica was bombed.’ ‘Germany used the Luftwaffe/Condor Legion.’ ‘Over 1500 civilians were killed.’ ‘The Germans were attacking to support the efforts of Franco.’ ‘The Germans used blitzkrieg tactics.’ ‘The town was devastated with waves of bombing.’ ‘Planes bombed and strafed targets in Guernica.’ ‘The Germans used thermite as an incendiary to create a firestorm in the centre of the town.’ ‘The attack took place in daylight.’ ‘The attack was a test for the German air force.’ |
| Why did Hitler want to remilitarise the Rhineland? [6] | Expl 1: One of Hitler's key FP aims was to make Germany 'Great Again' and to reverse the humiliation of Versailles. No troops in their own 'backyard' was intolerable to him. Exp 2: It was a test of the Allied response to his expansionist aims and part of his wider policy of securing Germany's borders so he could look to the East (Lebensraum) |
| What did Hitler gain from the return of the Saar to Germany? [4] | ‘Hitler gained a vote of confidence as 90% of the Saar’s people voted for union with Germany.’ ‘He gained control of the Saar through legal means.’ ‘He gained a propaganda success.’ ‘He gained the rich coal mines of the Saar.’ |
| Why, by 1937, was Japan a threat to world peace? [6] | Expl 1: Japan had exposed the weakness of the League of Nations by it's invasion of Manchuria in 1931 & being at full scale war with China by 1937. Expl 2: Japan had aligned itself to German and Italy via the anti-Comintern Pact creating an alliance that created international tensions. |
| What actions had Hitler taken by the end of 1935 to break the Treaty of Versailles? [4] | e.g. ‘Hitler refused to pay any more reparations.’ ‘He left the League of Nations.’ ‘In 1933, Hitler began re-arming in secret.’ ‘Hitler attempted the Anschluss with Austria.’ ‘Hitler re-introduced conscription.’ ‘He announced that his army would be 500 000.’ ‘He announced his intention of creating a military air force.’ ‘Hitler signed the Anglo-German Naval Agreement, which allowed him a fleet that was 35% the size of Britain’s fleet.’ ‘ |
| Why was involvement in the Spanish Civil War of benefit to Hitler? [6] | Exp 1: Military reasons e.g. ‘Hitler was able to test the capability of his Luftwaffe in strategic bombing of Spanish towns such as Guernica. Exp 2: It consolidated his position in Europe as it lead to an alliance with Italy (Rome-Berlin Axis - Oct 1936) |
Want to create your own Flashcards for free with GoConqr? Learn more.